基于@Tom Hawtin - tackline的回答，我们增加了开关支持，

interface Day<T> {
    ...
  T valueOf();
}

public enum Weekday implements Day<Weekday> {
    MON, TUE, WED, THU, FRI;
   Weekday valueOf(){
     return valueOf(name());
   }
}

public enum WeekendDay implements Day<WeekendDay> {
    SAT, SUN;
   WeekendDay valueOf(){
     return valueOf(name());
   }
}

Day<Weekday> wds = Weekday.MON;
Day<WeekendDay> wends = WeekendDay.SUN;

switch(wds.valueOf()){
    case MON:
    case TUE:
    case WED:
    case THU:
    case FRI:
}

switch(wends.valueOf()){
    case SAT:
    case SUN:
}

我的编码方式如下:

// enum A { a, b, c }
static final Set<Short> enumA = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new Short[]{'a','b','c'}));

// enum B extends A { d }
static final Set<Short> enumB = new LinkedHashSet<>(enumA);
static {
    enumB.add((short) 'd');
    // If you have to add more elements:
    // enumB.addAll(Arrays.asList(new Short[]{ 'e', 'f', 'g', '♯', '♭' }));
}

LinkedHashSet既提供了每个条目只存在一次，又提供了它们的顺序保留。如果顺序无关紧要，则可以使用HashSet。以下代码在Java中是不可行的:

for (A a : B.values()) { // enum B extends A { d }
    switch (a) {
        case a:
        case b:
        case c:
            System.out.println("Value is: " + a.toString());
        break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalStateException("This should never happen.");
    }
}

代码可以这样写:

for (Short a : enumB) {
    switch (a) {
        case 'a':
        case 'b':
        case 'c':
            System.out.println("Value is: " + new String(Character.toChars(a)));
        break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalStateException("This should never happen.");
    }
}

从Java 7开始，你甚至可以用String做同样的事情:

// enum A { BACKWARDS, FOREWARDS, STANDING }
static final Set<String> enumA = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new String[] {
        "BACKWARDS", "FOREWARDS", "STANDING" }));

// enum B extends A { JUMP }
static final Set<String> enumB = new LinkedHashSet<>(enumA);
static {
    enumB.add("JUMP");
}

使用enum替换:

for (String a : enumB) {
    switch (a) {
        case "BACKWARDS":
        case "FOREWARDS":
        case "STANDING":
            System.out.println("Value is: " + a);
        break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalStateException("This should never happen.");
    }
}

这就是我如何增强枚举继承模式运行时检查在静态初始化器。 BaseKind的#checkEnumExtender检查“extends”enum是否以完全相同的方式声明了基enum的所有值，以便#name()和#ordinal()保持完全兼容。

声明值仍然涉及复制粘贴，但如果有人在基类中添加或修改值而没有更新扩展值，则程序很快就会失败。

不同枚举相互扩展的常见行为:

public interface Kind {
  /**
   * Let's say we want some additional member.
   */
  String description() ;

  /**
   * Standard {@code Enum} method.
   */
  String name() ;

  /**
   * Standard {@code Enum} method.
   */
  int ordinal() ;
}

基准enum，带有验证方法:

public enum BaseKind implements Kind {

  FIRST( "First" ),
  SECOND( "Second" ),

  ;

  private final String description ;

  public String description() {
    return description ;
  }

  private BaseKind( final String description ) {
    this.description = description ;
  }

  public static void checkEnumExtender(
      final Kind[] baseValues,
      final Kind[] extendingValues
  ) {
    if( extendingValues.length < baseValues.length ) {
      throw new IncorrectExtensionError( "Only " + extendingValues.length + " values against "
          + baseValues.length + " base values" ) ;
    }
    for( int i = 0 ; i < baseValues.length ; i ++ ) {
      final Kind baseValue = baseValues[ i ] ;
      final Kind extendingValue = extendingValues[ i ] ;
      if( baseValue.ordinal() != extendingValue.ordinal() ) {
        throw new IncorrectExtensionError( "Base ordinal " + baseValue.ordinal()
            + " doesn't match with " + extendingValue.ordinal() ) ;
      }
      if( ! baseValue.name().equals( extendingValue.name() ) ) {
        throw new IncorrectExtensionError( "Base name[ " + i + "] " + baseValue.name()
            + " doesn't match with " + extendingValue.name() ) ;
      }
      if( ! baseValue.description().equals( extendingValue.description() ) ) {
        throw new IncorrectExtensionError( "Description[ " + i + "] " + baseValue.description()
            + " doesn't match with " + extendingValue.description() ) ;
      }
    }
  }


  public static class IncorrectExtensionError extends Error {
    public IncorrectExtensionError( final String s ) {
      super( s ) ;
    }
  }

}

扩展示例:

public enum ExtendingKind implements Kind {
  FIRST( BaseKind.FIRST ),
  SECOND( BaseKind.SECOND ),
  THIRD( "Third" ),
  ;

  private final String description ;

  public String description() {
    return description ;
  }

  ExtendingKind( final BaseKind baseKind ) {
    this.description = baseKind.description() ;
  }

  ExtendingKind( final String description ) {
    this.description = description ;
  }

}

如果你错过了，在Joshua Bloch的书“Effective Java，第二版”中有一章。

第6章-枚举和注释 项目34:用接口模拟可扩展枚举

结论是:

A minor disadvantage of the use of interfaces to emulate extensible enums is those implementations cannot be inherited from one enum type to another. In the case of our Operation example, the logic to store and retrieve the symbol associated with an operation is duplicated in BasicOperation and ExtendedOperation. In this case, it doesn’t matter because very little code is duplicated. If there were a a larger amount of shared functionality, you could encapsulate it in a helper class or a static helper method to eliminate the code duplication.

总之，虽然不能编写可扩展枚举类型，但可以编写 通过编写接口来模拟实现的基本枚举类型 接口。这允许客户端编写自己实现的枚举 接口。这些枚举可以用于基本枚举类型所在的任何地方 假设api是根据接口编写的。

这是一种方法，我发现如何扩展一个枚举到其他枚举，是一个非常直接的方法:

假设你有一个包含公共常量的枚举:

public interface ICommonInterface {

    String getName();

}


public enum CommonEnum implements ICommonInterface {
    P_EDITABLE("editable"),
    P_ACTIVE("active"),
    P_ID("id");

    private final String name;

    EnumCriteriaComun(String name) {
        name= name;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }
}

然后你可以尝试这样做一个手动扩展:

public enum SubEnum implements ICommonInterface {
    P_EDITABLE(CommonEnum.P_EDITABLE ),
    P_ACTIVE(CommonEnum.P_ACTIVE),
    P_ID(CommonEnum.P_ID),
    P_NEW_CONSTANT("new_constant");

    private final String name;

    EnumCriteriaComun(CommonEnum commonEnum) {
        name= commonEnum.name;
    }

    EnumCriteriaComun(String name) {
        name= name;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }
}

当然，每次你需要扩展一个常量时，你都必须修改你的SubEnum文件。

实际上，ENUM只是编译器生成的一个常规类。生成的类扩展了java.lang.Enum。不能扩展生成的类的技术原因是生成的类是最终的。在这个主题中讨论了它是最终的概念原因。但我将在讨论中加入机制。

下面是一个测试枚举:

public enum TEST {  
    ONE, TWO, THREE;
}

从javap得到的代码:

public final class TEST extends java.lang.Enum<TEST> {
  public static final TEST ONE;
  public static final TEST TWO;
  public static final TEST THREE;
  static {};
  public static TEST[] values();
  public static TEST valueOf(java.lang.String);
}

可以想象，您可以自己键入这个类，并删除“final”。但是编译器阻止你扩展“java.lang”。直接枚举”。你可以决定不扩展java.lang。Enum，但是这样你的类和它的派生类就不会是java.lang.Enum…这对你来说可能并不重要!