当我被这个绊倒时，我很惊讶……

“mysql-server”包中有一个replace命令，如果你已经安装了它，请尝试一下:

# replace string abc to XYZ in files
replace "abc" "XYZ" -- file.txt file2.txt file3.txt

# or pipe an echo to replace
echo "abcdef" |replace "abc" "XYZ"

关于这一点，请参阅man replace。

我在其他帖子中发现了这个帖子，我认为它包含了最完整的答案，所以我也添加了我的答案:

sed and ed are so useful...by hand. Look at this code from @Johnny: sed -i -e 's/abc/XYZ/g' /tmp/file.txt When my restriction is to use it in a shell script, no variable can be used inside in place of "abc" or "XYZ". The BashFAQ seems to agree with what I understand at least. So, I can't use: x='abc' y='XYZ' sed -i -e 's/$x/$y/g' /tmp/file.txt #or, sed -i -e "s/$x/$y/g" /tmp/file.txt but, what can we do? As, @Johnny said use a while read... but, unfortunately that's not the end of the story. The following worked well with me: #edit user's virtual domain result= #if nullglob is set then, unset it temporarily is_nullglob=$( shopt -s | egrep -i '*nullglob' ) if [[ is_nullglob ]]; then shopt -u nullglob fi while IFS= read -r line; do line="${line//'<servername>'/$server}" line="${line//'<serveralias>'/$alias}" line="${line//'<user>'/$user}" line="${line//'<group>'/$group}" result="$result""$line"'\n' done < $tmp echo -e $result > $tmp #if nullglob was set then, re-enable it if [[ is_nullglob ]]; then shopt -s nullglob fi #move user's virtual domain to Apache 2 domain directory ...... As one can see if nullglob is set then, it behaves strangely when there is a string containing a * as in: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName www.example.com which becomes <VirtualHost ServerName www.example.com there is no ending angle bracket and Apache2 can't even load. This kind of parsing should be slower than one-hit search and replace but, as you already saw, there are four variables for four different search patterns working out of one parse cycle.

在给定的假设下，我能想到的最合适的解决方案。

当我被这个绊倒时，我很惊讶……

“mysql-server”包中有一个replace命令，如果你已经安装了它，请尝试一下:

# replace string abc to XYZ in files
replace "abc" "XYZ" -- file.txt file2.txt file3.txt

# or pipe an echo to replace
echo "abcdef" |replace "abc" "XYZ"

关于这一点，请参阅man replace。

如果你正在处理的文件不是很大，并且暂时将它存储在一个变量中是没有问题的，那么你可以在整个文件上使用Bash字符串替换—没有必要逐行检查它:

file_contents=$(</tmp/file.txt)
echo "${file_contents//abc/XYZ}" > /tmp/file.txt

整个文件内容将被视为一个长字符串，包括换行符。

XYZ可以是一个变量，例如$replacement，在这里不使用sed的一个好处是，您不必担心搜索或替换字符串可能包含sed模式分隔符(通常，但不一定是/)。缺点是不能使用正则表达式或sed的任何更复杂的操作。

这是一篇旧文章，但对于任何想要使用变量的人来说，@centurian说单引号意味着不会展开任何内容。

获取变量的一个简单方法是做字符串拼接，因为这是通过在bash中并置完成的，以下应该工作:

sed -i -e "s/$var1/$var2/g" /tmp/file.txt

你也可以使用ed命令进行文件内搜索和替换:

# delete all lines matching foobar 
ed -s test.txt <<< $'g/foobar/d\nw' 

参见“使用ed通过脚本编辑文件”。