在使用Stream时，我同意上面的评论。映射你被限制实现不抛出异常的函数。

然而，你可以创建自己的FunctionalInterface，抛出如下..

@FunctionalInterface
public interface UseInstance<T, X extends Throwable> {
  void accept(T instance) throws X;
}

然后使用Lambdas或引用实现它，如下所示。

import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

//lambda expressions and the execute around method (EAM) pattern to
//manage resources

public class FileWriterEAM  {
  private final FileWriter writer;

  private FileWriterEAM(final String fileName) throws IOException {
    writer = new FileWriter(fileName);
  }
  private void close() throws IOException {
    System.out.println("close called automatically...");
    writer.close();
  }
  public void writeStuff(final String message) throws IOException {
    writer.write(message);
  }
  //...

  public static void use(final String fileName, final UseInstance<FileWriterEAM, IOException> block) throws IOException {

    final FileWriterEAM writerEAM = new FileWriterEAM(fileName);    
    try {
      block.accept(writerEAM);
    } finally {
      writerEAM.close();
    }
  }

  public static void main(final String[] args) throws IOException {

    FileWriterEAM.use("eam.txt", writerEAM -> writerEAM.writeStuff("sweet"));

    FileWriterEAM.use("eam2.txt", writerEAM -> {
        writerEAM.writeStuff("how");
        writerEAM.writeStuff("sweet");      
      });

    FileWriterEAM.use("eam3.txt", FileWriterEAM::writeIt);     

  }


 void writeIt() throws IOException{
     this.writeStuff("How ");
     this.writeStuff("sweet ");
     this.writeStuff("it is");

 }

}

你不能。

然而，你可能想要看看我的一个项目，它可以让你更容易地操纵这种“投掷lambda”。

在你的情况下，你可以这样做:

import static com.github.fge.lambdas.functions.Functions.wrap;

final ThrowingFunction<String, Class<?>> f = wrap(Class::forName);

List<Class> classes =
    Stream.of("java.lang.Object", "java.lang.Integer", "java.lang.String")
          .map(f.orThrow(MyException.class))
          .collect(Collectors.toList());

并捕获MyException。

这是一个例子。另一个例子是你可以. orreturn()一些默认值。

请注意，这仍然是一项正在进行的工作，更多的是来。更好的名字，更多的功能等等。

我使用这种包装异常:

public class CheckedExceptionWrapper extends RuntimeException {
    ...
    public <T extends Exception> CheckedExceptionWrapper rethrow() throws T {
        throw (T) getCause();
    }
}

它需要静态处理这些异常:

void method() throws IOException, ServletException {
    try { 
        list.stream().forEach(object -> {
            ...
            throw new CheckedExceptionWrapper(e);
            ...            
        });
    } catch (CheckedExceptionWrapper e){
        e.<IOException>rethrow();
        e.<ServletExcepion>rethrow();
    }
}

在网上试试!

尽管在第一次rethrow()调用期间无论如何都会重新抛出异常(哦，Java泛型…)，这种方式允许获得可能异常的严格静态定义(需要在抛出中声明它们)。不需要instanceof或其他东西。

我写了一个扩展Stream API的库，以允许抛出受控异常。它使用了Brian Goetz的技巧。

您的代码将变成

public List<Class> getClasses() throws ClassNotFoundException {     
    Stream<String> classNames = 
        Stream.of("java.lang.Object", "java.lang.Integer", "java.lang.String");

    return ThrowingStream.of(classNames, ClassNotFoundException.class)
               .map(Class::forName)
               .collect(Collectors.toList());
}

只要使用Lombok的@SneakyThrows就可以了。

Christian Hujer已经详细解释了为什么严格来说，由于Java的限制，从流中抛出受控异常是不可能的。

其他一些回答解释了一些技巧，可以绕过语言的限制，但仍然能够满足抛出“检查异常本身，并且不向流中添加丑陋的try/catch”的要求，其中一些需要额外的数十行样板文件。

我要强调的是另一个选项，在我看来，这个选项比其他选项干净得多:Lombok的@SneakyThrows。这个问题在其他答案中也提到过，但有很多不必要的细节。

生成的代码非常简单:

public List<Class> getClasses() throws ClassNotFoundException {
    List<Class> classes =
        Stream.of("java.lang.Object", "java.lang.Integer", "java.lang.String")
                .map(className -> getClass(className))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    return classes;
}

@SneakyThrows                                 // <= this is the only new code
private Class<?> getClass(String className) {
    return Class.forName(className);
}

我们只需要一个提取方法重构(由IDE完成)和一行额外的@SneakyThrows。注释负责添加所有样板文件，以确保您可以抛出检查过的异常，而无需将其包装在RuntimeException中，也无需显式声明它。

综上所述，高级解决方案为未检查的函数使用特殊的包装器，如API，它提供恢复、重抛出和抑制功能。

Stream.of("java.lang.Object", "java.lang.Integer", "java.lang.String")
          .map(Try.<String, Class<?>>safe(Class::forName)
                  .handle(System.out::println)
                  .unsafe())
          .collect(toList());

下面的代码演示了消费者、供应商和函数接口。它可以很容易地扩展。本例删除了一些公共关键字。

类Try是客户端代码的端点。安全方法对于每个函数类型都可以有唯一的名称。 CheckedConsumer, CheckedSupplier和CheckedFunction是库函数的checked模拟，可以独立于Try使用

CheckedBuilder is the interface for handling exceptions in some checked function. orTry allows execute another same type function if previous was failed. handle provides exception handling including exception type filtering. The order of handlers is important. Reduce methods unsafe and rethrow rethrows last exception in the execution chain. Reduce methods orElse and orElseGet return alternate value like Optional ones if all functions failed. Also there is method suppress. CheckedWrapper is the common implementation of CheckedBuilder.

final class Try {

    public static <T> CheckedBuilder<Supplier<T>, CheckedSupplier<T>, T> 
        safe(CheckedSupplier<T> supplier) {
        return new CheckedWrapper<>(supplier, 
                (current, next, handler, orResult) -> () -> {
            try { return current.get(); } catch (Exception ex) {
                handler.accept(ex);
                return next.isPresent() ? next.get().get() : orResult.apply(ex);
            }
        });
    }

    public static <T> Supplier<T> unsafe(CheckedSupplier<T> supplier) {
        return supplier;
    }

    public static <T> CheckedBuilder<Consumer<T>, CheckedConsumer<T>, Void> 
        safe(CheckedConsumer<T> consumer) {
        return new CheckedWrapper<>(consumer, 
                (current, next, handler, orResult) -> t -> {
            try { current.accept(t); } catch (Exception ex) {
                handler.accept(ex);
                if (next.isPresent()) {
                    next.get().accept(t);
                } else {
                    orResult.apply(ex);
                }
            }
        });
    }

    public static <T> Consumer<T> unsafe(CheckedConsumer<T> consumer) {
        return consumer;
    }

    public static <T, R> CheckedBuilder<Function<T, R>, CheckedFunction<T, R>, R> 
        safe(CheckedFunction<T, R> function) {
        return new CheckedWrapper<>(function, 
                (current, next, handler, orResult) -> t -> {
            try { return current.applyUnsafe(t); } catch (Exception ex) {
                handler.accept(ex);
                return next.isPresent() ? next.get().apply(t) : orResult.apply(ex);
            }
        });
    }

    public static <T, R> Function<T, R> unsafe(CheckedFunction<T, R> function) {
        return function;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings ("unchecked")
    static <T, E extends Throwable> T throwAsUnchecked(Throwable exception) throws E { 
        throw (E) exception; 
    }
}

@FunctionalInterface interface CheckedConsumer<T> extends Consumer<T> {
    void acceptUnsafe(T t) throws Exception;
    @Override default void accept(T t) {
        try { acceptUnsafe(t); } catch (Exception ex) {
            Try.throwAsUnchecked(ex);
        }
    }
}

@FunctionalInterface interface CheckedFunction<T, R> extends Function<T, R> {
    R applyUnsafe(T t) throws Exception;
    @Override default R apply(T t) {
        try { return applyUnsafe(t); } catch (Exception ex) {
            return Try.throwAsUnchecked(ex);
        }
    }
}

@FunctionalInterface interface CheckedSupplier<T> extends Supplier<T> {
    T getUnsafe() throws Exception;
    @Override default T get() {
        try { return getUnsafe(); } catch (Exception ex) {
            return Try.throwAsUnchecked(ex);
        }
    }
}

interface ReduceFunction<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> {
    TSafe wrap(TUnsafe current, Optional<TSafe> next, 
            Consumer<Throwable> handler, Function<Throwable, R> orResult);
}

interface CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> {
    CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> orTry(TUnsafe next);

    CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> handle(Consumer<Throwable> handler);

    <E extends Throwable> CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> handle(
            Class<E> exceptionType, Consumer<E> handler);

    CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> handleLast(Consumer<Throwable> handler);

    <E extends Throwable> CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> handleLast(
            Class<E> exceptionType, Consumer<? super E> handler);

    TSafe unsafe();
    TSafe rethrow(Function<Throwable, Exception> transformer);
    TSafe suppress();
    TSafe orElse(R value);
    TSafe orElseGet(Supplier<R> valueProvider);
}

final class CheckedWrapper<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> 
        implements CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> {

    private final TUnsafe function;
    private final ReduceFunction<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> reduceFunction;

    private final CheckedWrapper<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> root;
    private CheckedWrapper<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> next;

    private Consumer<Throwable> handlers = ex -> { };
    private Consumer<Throwable> lastHandlers = ex -> { };

    CheckedWrapper(TUnsafe function, 
            ReduceFunction<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> reduceFunction) {
        this.function = function;
        this.reduceFunction = reduceFunction;
        this.root = this;
    }

    private CheckedWrapper(TUnsafe function, 
            CheckedWrapper<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> prev) {
        this.function = function;
        this.reduceFunction = prev.reduceFunction;
        this.root = prev.root;
        prev.next = this;
    }

    @Override public CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> orTry(TUnsafe next) {
        return new CheckedWrapper<>(next, this);
    }

    @Override public CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> handle(
            Consumer<Throwable> handler) {
        handlers = handlers.andThen(handler);
        return this;
    }

    @Override public <E extends Throwable> CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> 
        handle(Class<E> exceptionType, Consumer<E> handler) {
        handlers = handlers.andThen(ex -> {
            if (exceptionType.isInstance(ex)) {
                handler.accept(exceptionType.cast(ex));
            }
        });
        return this;
    }

    @Override public CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> handleLast(
            Consumer<Throwable> handler) {
        lastHandlers = lastHandlers.andThen(handler);
        return this;
    }

    @Override public <E extends Throwable> CheckedBuilder<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> 
        handleLast(Class<E> exceptionType, Consumer<? super E> handler) {
        lastHandlers = lastHandlers.andThen(ex -> {
            if (exceptionType.isInstance(ex)) {
                handler.accept(exceptionType.cast(ex));
            }
        });
        return this;
    }

    @Override public TSafe unsafe() {
        return root.reduce(ex -> Try.throwAsUnchecked(ex));
    }

    @Override
    public TSafe rethrow(Function<Throwable, Exception> transformer) {
        return root.reduce(ex -> Try.throwAsUnchecked(transformer.apply(ex)));
    }

    @Override public TSafe suppress() {
        return root.reduce(ex -> null);
    }

    @Override public TSafe orElse(R value) {
        return root.reduce(ex -> value);
    }

    @Override public TSafe orElseGet(Supplier<R> valueProvider) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(valueProvider);
        return root.reduce(ex -> valueProvider.get());
    }

    private TSafe reduce(Function<Throwable, R> orResult) {
        return reduceFunction.wrap(function, 
                Optional.ofNullable(next).map(p -> p.reduce(orResult)), 
                this::handle, orResult);
    }

    private void handle(Throwable ex) {
        for (CheckedWrapper<TSafe, TUnsafe, R> current = this; 
                current != null; 
                current = current.next) {
            current.handlers.accept(ex);
        }
        lastHandlers.accept(ex);
    }
}