有没有办法使一个Oracle查询行为像它包含一个MySQL限制子句?
在MySQL中，我可以这样做:
select *
from sometable
order by name
limit 20,10
要得到第21行到第30行(跳过前20行，给出接下来的10行)。这些行是按顺序选择的，所以实际上是从第20个名字的字母顺序开始的。
在Oracle中，人们唯一提到的是rownum伪列，但它在order by之前求值，这意味着:
select *
from sometable
where rownum <= 10
order by name
将返回一个随机的10行按名称排序的集合，这通常不是我想要的。它也不允许指定偏移量。
当前回答
作为公认答案的扩展，Oracle内部使用ROW_NUMBER/RANK函数。OFFSET FETCH语法是语法糖。
可以使用DBMS_UTILITY来观察。EXPAND_SQL_TEXT过程:
准备样例:
CREATE TABLE rownum_order_test (
val NUMBER
);
INSERT ALL
INTO rownum_order_test
SELECT level
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level <= 10;
COMMIT;
查询:
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY;
常规:
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL" DESC ) "rowlimit_$$_rownumber"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber"<=5 ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0" DESC;
db < > fiddle演示
获取展开的SQL文本:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
WITH TIES扩展为RANK:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS WITH TIES',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
RANK() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL" DESC ) "rowlimit_$$_rank"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rank"<=5 ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0" DESC
和偏移量:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
OFFSET 4 ROWS FETCH NEXT 4 ROWS ONLY',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL") "rowlimit_$$_rownumber"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber"<=CASE WHEN (4>=0) THEN FLOOR(TO_NUMBER(4))
ELSE 0 END +4 AND "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber">4
ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0"
其他回答
在Oracle 12c上(参见SQL参考中的行限制子句):
SELECT *
FROM sometable
ORDER BY name
OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY;
我已经开始准备Oracle 1z0-047考试，与12c进行了验证 在准备它的时候，我遇到了一个被称为“FETCH FIRST”的12c增强。 它允许您根据您的方便获取行/限制行。 它有几个可用的选项
- FETCH FIRST n ROWS ONLY
- OFFSET n ROWS FETCH NEXT N1 ROWS ONLY // leave the n rows and display next N1 rows
- n % rows via FETCH FIRST N PERCENT ROWS ONLY
例子:
Select * from XYZ a
order by a.pqr
FETCH FIRST 10 ROWS ONLY
对于查询返回的每一行，ROWNUM伪列返回一个数字，指示Oracle从表或连接行的集合中选择该行的顺序。所选的第一行的ROWNUM为1，第二行为2，依此类推。
SELECT * FROM sometable1 so
WHERE so.id IN (
SELECT so2.id from sometable2 so2
WHERE ROWNUM <=5
)
AND ORDER BY so.somefield AND ROWNUM <= 100
我已经在oracle server 11.2.0.1.0中实现了这个功能
少一些SELECT语句。同时，减少性能消耗。出处:anibal@upf.br
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT t.*,
rownum AS rn
FROM shhospede t) a
WHERE a.rn >= in_first
AND a.rn <= in_first;
使用21c版本，您可以简单地应用限制如下:
select * from course where ROWNUM <=10;
