我喜欢在~/.ssh/config文件中设置以下方法:

# Configuration for GitHub to support multiple GitHub  keys
Host  github.com
  HostName github.com
  User git

# UseKeychain adds each keys passphrase to the keychain so you
# don't have to enter the passphrase each time.
  UseKeychain yes

# AddKeysToAgent would add the key to the agent whenever it is
# used, which might lead to debugging confusion since then
# sometimes the one repository works and sometimes the
# other depending on which key is used first.
#  AddKeysToAgent yes

# I only use my private id file so all private
# repositories don't need the environment variable
# `GIT_SSH_COMMAND="ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa"` to be set.
  IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa

然后在你的存储库中创建一个.env文件，其中包含要使用的ssh命令:

GIT_SSH_COMMAND="ssh -i ~/.ssh/your_ssh_key"

如果你使用dotenv，环境变量会自动导出，你可以为每个项目/目录指定你想要的键。口令只被请求一次，因为它被添加到密钥链中。

这个解决方案与Git一起完美地工作，并且设计为在Mac上工作(由于UseKeychain)。

在CentOS 6.5上运行OpenSSH_5.3p1和OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips，我通过重命名密钥文件来解决这个问题，这样它们都没有默认名称。

我的.ssh目录包含id_rsa_foo和id_rsa_bar，但没有id_rsa等。

您可以尝试这个sshmulti npm包来维护多个SSH密钥。

我喜欢在~/.ssh/config文件中设置以下方法:

# Configuration for GitHub to support multiple GitHub  keys
Host  github.com
  HostName github.com
  User git

# UseKeychain adds each keys passphrase to the keychain so you
# don't have to enter the passphrase each time.
  UseKeychain yes

# AddKeysToAgent would add the key to the agent whenever it is
# used, which might lead to debugging confusion since then
# sometimes the one repository works and sometimes the
# other depending on which key is used first.
#  AddKeysToAgent yes

# I only use my private id file so all private
# repositories don't need the environment variable
# `GIT_SSH_COMMAND="ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa"` to be set.
  IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa

然后在你的存储库中创建一个.env文件，其中包含要使用的ssh命令:

GIT_SSH_COMMAND="ssh -i ~/.ssh/your_ssh_key"

如果你使用dotenv，环境变量会自动导出，你可以为每个项目/目录指定你想要的键。口令只被请求一次，因为它被添加到密钥链中。

这个解决方案与Git一起完美地工作，并且设计为在Mac上工作(由于UseKeychain)。

我同意Tuomas使用ssh-agent。我还想为工作添加第二个私钥，这个教程对我来说非常有效。

步骤如下:

$ ssh-agent bash $ ssh-add /path。到/private/key，例如ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa 通过$ ssh-add -l验证 使用$ssh -v <主机url>例如ssh -v git@assembla.com进行测试

您可以指示ssh在连接时连续尝试多个键。方法如下:

$ cat ~/.ssh/config
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa_old
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
# ... and so on

$ ssh server.example.com -v
....
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/example/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/example/.ssh/id_rsa_old
debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA
....
[server ~]$

这样就不必指定哪个密钥适用于哪个服务器。它会使用第一个工作键。

此外，只有当给定的服务器愿意接受密钥时，您才可以输入密码短语。如上所述，ssh不会尝试询问.ssh/id_rsa的密码，即使它有密码。

当然，它不会像其他答案那样胜过每个服务器的配置，但至少您不必为您连接的所有服务器和每个服务器添加配置!