详见诺亚的回答

//Option A.) set to null
some_var = null;

//Option B.) set to undefined
some_var = undefined;

//Option C.) remove/delete the variable reference
delete obj.some_var
//if your variable was defined as a global, you'll need to
//qualify the reference with 'window'
delete window.some_var;

引用:

MDN删除API 在严格模式下删除非限定变量名时出现MDN SyntaxError

ECMAScript 2015提供了Reflect API。可以使用Reflect.deleteProperty()删除对象属性:

Reflect.deleteProperty(myObject, 'myProp');
// it is equivalent to:
delete myObject.myProp;
delete myObject['myProp'];

删除全局窗口对象的一个属性:

Reflect.deleteProperty(window, 'some_var');

在某些情况下，属性不能被删除(当属性不可配置时)，然后该函数返回false(以及删除操作符)。在其他情况下，它返回true:

Object.defineProperty(window, 'some_var', {
    configurable: false,
    writable: true,
    enumerable: true,
    value: 'some_val'
});

var frozen = Object.freeze({ myProperty: 'myValue' });
var regular = { myProperty: 'myValue' };
var blank = {};

console.log(Reflect.deleteProperty(window, 'some_var')); // false
console.log(window.some_var); // some_var

console.log(Reflect.deleteProperty(frozen, 'myProperty')); // false
console.log(frozen.myProperty); // myValue

console.log(Reflect.deleteProperty(regular, 'myProperty')); // true
console.log(regular.myProperty); // undefined

console.log(Reflect.deleteProperty(blank, 'notExistingProperty')); // true
console.log(blank.notExistingProperty); // undefined

在严格模式下运行时，deleteProperty函数和delete操作符之间有区别:

'use strict'

var frozen = Object.freeze({ myProperty: 'myValue' });

Reflect.deleteProperty(frozen, 'myProperty'); // false
delete frozen.myProperty;
// TypeError: property "myProperty" is non-configurable and can't be deleted

斯坎利夫的答案是可行的，但从技术上讲，它应该是可行的

delete window.some_var;

当目标不是对象属性时，Delete应该是一个无操作。例如,

(function() {
   var foo = 123;
   delete foo; // wont do anything, foo is still 123
   var bar = { foo: 123 };
   delete bar.foo; // foo is gone
}());

但是由于全局变量实际上是窗口对象的成员，所以它是可行的。

当涉及原型链时，使用delete会变得更加复杂，因为它只从目标对象中删除属性，而不是从原型中删除。例如,

function Foo() {}
Foo.prototype = { bar: 123 };
var foo = new Foo();
// foo.bar is 123
foo.bar = 456;
// foo.bar is now 456
delete foo.bar;
// foo.bar is 123 again.

所以要小心。

注:我的回答有些不准确(见末尾的“误解”)。这个链接解释了所有血腥的细节，但总的来说，不同的浏览器之间可能有很大的差异，这取决于你要删除的对象。删除对象。someProp通常应该是安全的，只要object !== window。我仍然不会使用它来删除用var声明的变量，尽管在适当的情况下可以这样做。

注意，delete操作成功时返回true。

2021年更新:在Chrome 88和Firefox 84上测试:

implicit_global = 1;
delete implicit_global; // true

window.explicit_global = 1;
delete explicit_global; // true

const _object = {property: 1};
delete _object.property; // true

function_set = function() {};
delete function_set; // true

function function_declaration() {};
delete function_declaration; // false

(function () {
    var _var = 1;
    console.log(delete _var); // false
    console.log(_var); // 1
})()

(function () {
    let _let = 1;
    console.log(delete _let); // false
    console.log(_let); // 1
})()

(function () {
    const _const = 1;
    console.log(delete _const); // false
    console.log(_const); // 1
})()

由于浏览器更新，此答案的先前编辑已不再相关。

TLDR:简单定义的变量(没有var, let, const)可以用delete删除。如果你使用var, let, const -它们不能被delete或Reflect.deleteProperty删除。

Chrome 55:

simpleVar = "1";
"1"
delete simpleVar;
true
simpleVar;
VM439:1 Uncaught ReferenceError: simpleVar is not defined
    at <anonymous>:1:1
(anonymous) @ VM439:1
var varVar = "1";
undefined
delete varVar;
false
varVar;
"1"
let letVar = "1";
undefined
delete letVar;
true
letVar;
"1"
const constVar="1";
undefined
delete constVar;
true
constVar;
"1"
Reflect.deleteProperty (window, "constVar");
true
constVar;
"1"
Reflect.deleteProperty (window, "varVar");
false
varVar;
"1"
Reflect.deleteProperty (window, "letVar");
true
letVar;
"1"

Firefox Nightly 53.0a1显示相同的行为。

delete操作符从对象中删除属性。

delete object.property
delete object['property']

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/delete

根据问题，你需要下列其中一项

delete some_var;
delete window.some_var;
delete window['some_var'];