我想知道是否有HTML5的iFrames替代方案。 我的意思是,能够在一个网页中注入跨域HTML,而不使用iFrame。
当前回答
可以使用XMLHttpRequest将页面加载到div(或页面的任何其他元素)中。一个例子函数是:
function loadPage(){
if (window.XMLHttpRequest){
// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
}else{
// code for IE6, IE5
xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function(){
if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200){
document.getElementById("ID OF ELEMENT YOU WANT TO LOAD PAGE IN").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText;
}
}
xmlhttp.open("POST","WEBPAGE YOU WANT TO LOAD",true);
xmlhttp.send();
}
如果您的服务器是有能力的,您也可以使用PHP来完成此工作,但由于您要求的是HTML5方法,因此这应该是您所需要的全部。
其他回答
基本上有4种方法将HTML嵌入到网页中:
<iframe> An iframe's content lives entirely in a separate context than your page. While that's mostly a great feature and it's the most compatible among browser versions, it creates additional challenges (shrink wrapping the size of the frame to its content is tough, insanely frustrating to script into/out of, nearly impossible to style). AJAX. As the solutions shown here prove, you can use the XMLHttpRequest object to retrieve data and inject it to your page. It is not ideal because it depends on scripting techniques, thus making the execution slower and more complex, among other drawbacks. Hacks. Few mentioned in this question and not very reliable. HTML5 Web Components. HTML Imports, part of the Web Components, allows to bundle HTML documents in other HTML documents. That includes HTML, CSS, JavaScript or anything else an .html file can contain. This makes it a great solution with many interesting use cases: split an app into bundled components that you can distribute as building blocks, better manage dependencies to avoid redundancy, code organization, etc. Here is a trivial example:
<!—其他来源的资源必须启用cors。--> <link rel="import" href="http://example.com/elements.html">
本地兼容性仍然是一个问题,但您可以使用polyfill使其在当前的常绿浏览器中工作。
你可以在这里和这里了解更多。
如果你想这样做,并控制从基本页面或内容被服务的服务器,你可以使用跨源资源共享(http://www.w3.org/TR/access-control/)允许客户端JavaScript通过XMLHttpRequest()将数据加载到<div>:
// I safely ignore IE 6 and 5 (!) users
// because I do not wish to proliferate
// broken software that will hurt other
// users of the internet, which is what
// you're doing when you write anything
// for old version of IE (5/6)
xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if(xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200) {
document.getElementById('displayDiv').innerHTML = xhr.responseText;
}
};
xhr.open('GET', 'http://api.google.com/thing?request=data', true);
xhr.send();
现在,对于整个操作的关键,您需要为服务器编写代码,为客户端提供access - control - allow - origin标头,指定您希望客户端代码能够通过XMLHttpRequest()访问哪些域。下面是一个PHP代码的例子,你可以在你的页面顶部包含,以便将这些头发送给客户端:
<?php
header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://api.google.com');
header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://some.example.com');
?>
你可以使用object和embed,像这样:
<object data="http://www.web-source.net" width="600" height="400">
<embed src="http://www.web-source.net" width="600" height="400"> </embed>
Error: Embedded data could not be displayed.
</object>
这并不新鲜,但仍然有效。但我不确定它是否具有相同的功能。
不,没有等价物。<iframe>元素在HTML5中仍然有效。根据您需要的确切交互,可能会有不同的api。例如,postMessage方法允许你实现跨域javascript交互。但是如果你想要显示跨域的HTML内容(使用CSS样式并使用javascript进行交互),iframe仍然是一个很好的方法。
我创建了一个节点模块来解决这个问题node-iframe-replacement。您提供父站点的源URL和CSS选择器注入您的内容,它将两者合并在一起。
对父站点的更改每5分钟被检测一次。
var iframeReplacement = require('node-iframe-replacement');
// add iframe replacement to express as middleware (adds res.merge method)
app.use(iframeReplacement);
// create a regular express route
app.get('/', function(req, res){
// respond to this request with our fake-news content embedded within the BBC News home page
res.merge('fake-news', {
// external url to fetch
sourceUrl: 'http://www.bbc.co.uk/news',
// css selector to inject our content into
sourcePlaceholder: 'div[data-entityid="container-top-stories#1"]',
// pass a function here to intercept the source html prior to merging
transform: null
});
});
该源代码包含一个向BBC新闻主页注入内容的工作示例。