框架为特定的问题领域提供功能/解决方案。 定义来自wiki:

计算机中的一个软件框架 编程，是一种抽象 哪个公共代码提供泛型 功能可以选择性地 由用户代码覆盖或专门化 提供特定的功能。 框架是一种特殊情况 它们是软件库 代码包装的可重用抽象 在定义良好的应用程序中 编程接口(API)，然而他们 包含一些关键区别 区分它们的特征 普通的图书馆。

已经有很多很好的答案了，但让我看看我是否能给你另一个观点。

为了简化事情，您可以将框架视为一个除了实际功能之外完整的应用程序。你插入功能和PRESTO!你有一个应用程序。

Consider, say, a GUI framework. The framework contains everything you need to make an application. Indeed you can often trivially make a minimal application with very few lines of source that does absolutely nothing -- but it does give you window management, sub-window management, menus, button bars, etc. That's the framework side of things. By adding your application functionality and "plugging it in" to the right places in the framework you turn this empty app that does nothing more than window management, etc. into a real, full-blown application.

对于web应用程序，服务器端应用程序等也有类似类型的框架。在每种情况下，框架提供了大量乏味、重复的代码(希望如此)，而您提供了实际的问题域功能。(这是理想状态。当然，在现实中，框架的成功有很大的变数。)

我再次强调，这是对框架的简化观点。我没有使用像“控制反转”之类的可怕术语，尽管大多数框架都内置了这样可怕的概念。既然你是初学者，我想我就不给你行话了，用一个简单的比喻。

一个简单的解释是:框架是一个可以围绕它构建应用程序的支架。

A framework generally provides some base functionality which you can use and extend to make more complex applications from, there are frameworks for all sorts of things. Microsofts MVC framework is a good example of this. It provides everything you need to get off the ground building website using the MVC pattern, it handles web requests, routes and the like. All you have to do is implement "Controllers" and provide "Views" which are two constructs defined by the MVC framework. The MVC framework then handles calling your controllers and rendering your views.

也许不是最好的措辞，但我希望它有帮助

I'm very late to answer it. But, I would like to share one example, which I only thought of today. If I told you to cut a piece of paper with dimensions 5m by 5m, then surely you would do that. But suppose I ask you to cut 1000 pieces of paper of the same dimensions. In this case, you won't do the measuring 1000 times; obviously, you would make a frame of 5m by 5m, and then with the help of it you would be able to cut 1000 pieces of paper in less time. So, what you did was make a framework which would do a specific type of task. Instead of performing the same type of task again and again for the same type of applications, you create a framework having all those facilities together in one nice packet, hence providing the abstraction for your application and more importantly many applications.

除了定义(有时只有在你已经理解的情况下才能理解)之外，还有一个例子帮助了我。

I think I got a glimmer of understanding when loooking at sorting a list in .Net; an example of a framework providing a functionality that's tailored by user code providing specific functionality. Take List.Sort(IComparer). The sort algorithm, which resides in the .Net framework in the Sort method, needs to do a series of compares; does object A come before or after object B? But Sort itself has no clue how to do the compare; only the type being sorted knows that. You couldn't write a comparison sort algorithm that can be reused by many users and anticipate all the various types you'd be called upon to sort. You've got to leave that bit of work up to the user itself. So here, sort, aka the framework, calls back to a method in the user code, the type being sorted so it can do the compare. (Or a delegate can be used; same point.)

我算对了吗?

从技术上讲，您不需要框架。如果你想做一个非常非常简单的网站(想想1992年的网页)，你可以用硬编码的HTML和一些CSS来完成。

如果你想做一个现代的网络应用，你实际上也不需要使用框架。

You can instead choose to write all of the logic you need yourself, every time. You can write your own data-persistence/storage layer, or - if you're too busy - just write custom SQL for every single database access. You can write your own authentication and session handling layers. And your own template rending logic. And your own exception-handling logic. And your own security functions. And your own unit test framework to make sure it all works fine. And your own... [goes on for quite a long time]

然后，如果您确实使用了一个框架，您将能够从优秀的、通常是同行评审的、经过很好测试的其他开发人员的工作中受益，他们可能比您更好。您可以快速构建想要的内容，而不必花费时间构建或过于担心上面列出的基础设施项目。

您可以在更短的时间内完成更多的工作，并且知道您正在使用或扩展的框架代码很可能比您自己做得更好。

那么成本呢?花点时间学习框架。但是，正如几乎每个web开发人员都会证明的那样，花时间学习从使用你选择的任何框架中获得大量(真的，大量)好处是绝对值得的。