一个简单且受支持的版本是Daemonize。

从Python包索引(PyPI)安装它:

$ pip install daemonize

然后用like:

...
import os, sys
from daemonize import Daemonize
...
def main()
      # your code here

if __name__ == '__main__':
        myname=os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
        pidfile='/tmp/%s' % myname       # any name
        daemon = Daemonize(app=myname,pid=pidfile, action=main)
        daemon.start()

你应该使用python-daemon库，它会处理所有的事情。

从PyPI:库实现一个行为良好的Unix守护进程。

您还可以使用shell脚本使python脚本作为服务运行。首先创建一个shell脚本，像这样运行python脚本(scriptname任意名称)

#!/bin/sh
script='/home/.. full path to script'
/usr/bin/python $script &

现在在/etc/init.d/scriptname中创建一个文件

#! /bin/sh

PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
DAEMON=/home/.. path to shell script scriptname created to run python script
PIDFILE=/var/run/scriptname.pid

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

case "$1" in
  start)
     log_daemon_msg "Starting feedparser"
     start_daemon -p $PIDFILE $DAEMON
     log_end_msg $?
   ;;
  stop)
     log_daemon_msg "Stopping feedparser"
     killproc -p $PIDFILE $DAEMON
     PID=`ps x |grep feed | head -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
     kill -9 $PID       
     log_end_msg $?
   ;;
  force-reload|restart)
     $0 stop
     $0 start
   ;;
  status)
     status_of_proc -p $PIDFILE $DAEMON atd && exit 0 || exit $?
   ;;
 *)
   echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/atd {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}"
   exit 1
  ;;
esac

exit 0

现在可以使用/etc/init.命令启动和停止python脚本D /scriptname start or stop。

如果你正在使用终端(ssh或其他东西)，并且你想在退出终端后保持长时间的脚本工作，你可以尝试这样做:

屏幕

Apt-get安装屏幕

在里面创建一个虚拟终端(即abc): screen -dmS abc

现在我们连接到abc: screen -r abc

因此，现在我们可以运行python脚本:python keep_sending_mail .py

从现在开始，你可以直接关闭你的终端，但是，python脚本将继续运行而不是被关闭

因为这个keep_sending_mail .py的PID是虚拟屏幕的子进程，而不是 终端(ssh)

如果你想检查你的脚本运行状态，你可以再次使用screen -r abc

Ubuntu有一个非常简单的方法来管理服务。 对于python来说，不同之处在于所有依赖项(包)都必须在运行主文件的同一目录中。

我只是设法创建了这样一个服务，为我的客户提供天气信息。 步骤:

Create your python application project as you normally do. Install all dependencies locally like: sudo pip3 install package_name -t . Create your command line variables and handle them in code (if you need any) Create the service file. Something (minimalist) like: [Unit] Description=1Droid Weather meddleware provider [Service] Restart=always User=root WorkingDirectory=/home/ubuntu/weather ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /home/ubuntu/weather/main.py httpport=9570 provider=OWMap [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target Save the file as myweather.service (for example) Make sure that your app runs if started in the current directory python3 main.py httpport=9570 provider=OWMap The service file produced above and named myweather.service (important to have the extension .service) will be treated by the system as the name of your service. That is the name that you will use to interact with your service. Copy the service file: sudo cp myweather.service /lib/systemd/system/myweather.service Refresh demon registry: sudo systemctl daemon-reload Stop the service (if it was running) sudo service myweather stop Start the service: sudo service myweather start Check the status (log file with where your print statements go): tail -f /var/log/syslog Or check the status with: sudo service myweather status Back to the start with another iteration if needed

此服务现在正在运行，即使您退出也不会受到影响。 如果主机关闭并重新启动，则此服务将重新启动…

cron is clearly a great choice for many purposes. However it doesn't create a service or daemon as you requested in the OP. cron just runs jobs periodically (meaning the job starts and stops), and no more often than once / minute. There are issues with cron -- for example, if a prior instance of your script is still running the next time the cron schedule comes around and launches a new instance, is that OK? cron doesn't handle dependencies; it just tries to start a job when the schedule says to.

如果您发现确实需要一个守护进程(一个永不停止运行的进程)，请查看一下监控器。它提供了一种简单的方法来包装普通的、非守护进程化的脚本或程序，并使其像守护进程一样运行。这比创建本地Python守护进程好得多。