DELETE语句可以有一个WHERE子句来删除特定的记录，而TRUNCATE语句不需要任何子句并擦除整个表。 重要的是，DELETE语句记录删除日期，而TRUNCATE语句不记录删除日期。

TRUNCATE是DDL语句，而DELETE是DML语句。以下是两者的区别:

As TRUNCATE is a DDL (Data definition language) statement it does not require a commit to make the changes permanent. And this is the reason why rows deleted by truncate could not be rollbacked. On the other hand DELETE is a DML (Data manipulation language) statement hence requires explicit commit to make its effect permanent. TRUNCATE always removes all the rows from a table, leaving the table empty and the table structure intact whereas DELETE may remove conditionally if the where clause is used. The rows deleted by TRUNCATE TABLE statement cannot be restored and you can not specify the where clause in the TRUNCATE statement. TRUNCATE statements does not fire triggers as opposed of on delete trigger on DELETE statement

这里有一个非常好的与主题相关的链接。

DELETE语句:该命令只根据where子句中给定的条件从表中删除行，如果没有指定条件，则从表中删除所有行。但是它不会释放包含表的空间。

SQL DELETE语句的语法是:

DELETE FROM table_name [WHERE condition];

TRUNCATE语句:该命令用于删除表中的所有行，并释放包含表的空间。

Truncate命令用于重新初始化表，它是一个删除表中所有行的DDL命令。DELETE是一个DML命令，用于根据某些条件删除一行或一组行，如果没有指定condition，则该命令将删除表中的所有行。

通过发出TRUNCATE TABLE语句，您将指示SQL Server删除表中的每条记录，而不进行任何日志记录或事务处理。

SQL server中删除与截断的总结 完整文章请点击这个链接:http://codaffection.com/sql-server-article/delete-vs-truncate-in-sql-server/

摘自dotnet mob文章:删除Vs截断SQL Server