如何在Django中获取用户的IP ?

我的观点是这样的:

# Create your views
from django.contrib.gis.utils import GeoIP
from django.template import  RequestContext
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response

def home(request):
  g = GeoIP()
  client_ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']
  lat,long = g.lat_lon(client_ip)
  return render_to_response('home_page_tmp.html',locals())

但是我得到了这个错误:

KeyError at /mypage/
    'REMOTE_ADDR'
    Request Method: GET
    Request URL:    http://mywebsite.example/mypage/
    Django Version: 1.2.4
    Exception Type: KeyError
    Exception Value:
    'REMOTE_ADDR'
    Exception Location: /mysite/homepage/views.py in home, line 9
    Python Executable:  /usr/bin/python
    Python Version: 2.6.6
    Python Path:    ['/mysite', '/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/flup-1.0.2-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.6', '/usr/lib/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-tk', '/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-old', '/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6']
    Server time:    Sun, 2 Jan 2011 20:42:50 -0600

当前回答

最初从Django中删除该功能的原因是头文件最终不能被信任。原因是它很容易被恶搞。例如,配置Nginx反向代理的推荐方法是:

add_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
add_header X-Real-Ip       $remote_addr;

当你这样做时:

curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.1.2' http://192.168.1.3/

你的Nginx在myhost。示例将发送:

X-Forwarded-For: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3

如果盲目地按照说明操作,X-Real-IP将是前面第一个代理的IP。

如果信任你的用户是一个问题,你可以尝试django-xff: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/django-xff/

其他回答

你可以使用django-ipware,它支持Python 2和3,并处理IPv4和IPv6。

安装:

PIP安装django-ipware

简单的用法:

# In a view or a middleware where the `request` object is available

from ipware import get_client_ip
ip, is_routable = get_client_ip(request)
if ip is None:
    # Unable to get the client's IP address
else:
    # We got the client's IP address
    if is_routable:
        # The client's IP address is publicly routable on the Internet
    else:
        # The client's IP address is private

# Order of precedence is (Public, Private, Loopback, None)

先进的用法:

Custom Header - Custom request header for ipware to look at: i, r = get_client_ip(request, request_header_order=['X_FORWARDED_FOR']) i, r = get_client_ip(request, request_header_order=['X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'REMOTE_ADDR']) Proxy Count - Django server is behind a fixed number of proxies: i, r = get_client_ip(request, proxy_count=1) Trusted Proxies - Django server is behind one or more known & trusted proxies: i, r = get_client_ip(request, proxy_trusted_ips=('177.2.2.2')) # For multiple proxies, simply add them to the list i, r = get_client_ip(request, proxy_trusted_ips=('177.2.2.2', '177.3.3.3')) # For proxies with fixed sub-domain and dynamic IP addresses, use partial pattern i, r = get_client_ip(request, proxy_trusted_ips=('177.2.', '177.3.'))

注:阅读本通知。

def get_client_ip(request):
    x_forwarded_for = request.META.get('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR')
    if x_forwarded_for:
        ip = x_forwarded_for.split(',')[0]
    else:
        ip = request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR')
    return ip

确保你有反向代理(如果有)配置正确(例如mod_rpaf安装Apache)。

注意:上面使用X-Forwarded-For中的第一项,但你可能想使用最后一项(例如,在Heroku的情况下:在Heroku上获取客户端的真实IP地址)

然后把请求作为参数传递给它;

get_client_ip(request)

Django文档HttpRequest。元

最初从Django中删除该功能的原因是头文件最终不能被信任。原因是它很容易被恶搞。例如,配置Nginx反向代理的推荐方法是:

add_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
add_header X-Real-Ip       $remote_addr;

当你这样做时:

curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.1.2' http://192.168.1.3/

你的Nginx在myhost。示例将发送:

X-Forwarded-For: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3

如果盲目地按照说明操作,X-Real-IP将是前面第一个代理的IP。

如果信任你的用户是一个问题,你可以尝试django-xff: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/django-xff/

简单的添加

{{request.META。REMOTE_ADDR}}

在Django-Template中,你想让用户看到他们的IP地址。这是在您不感兴趣将其保存到DB的情况下。

下面是一个简短的一行代码来完成这个任务:

request.META.get('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR', '')).split(',')[0].strip()