如何在Django中获取用户的IP ?
我的观点是这样的:
# Create your views
from django.contrib.gis.utils import GeoIP
from django.template import RequestContext
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
def home(request):
g = GeoIP()
client_ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']
lat,long = g.lat_lon(client_ip)
return render_to_response('home_page_tmp.html',locals())
但是我得到了这个错误:
KeyError at /mypage/
'REMOTE_ADDR'
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://mywebsite.example/mypage/
Django Version: 1.2.4
Exception Type: KeyError
Exception Value:
'REMOTE_ADDR'
Exception Location: /mysite/homepage/views.py in home, line 9
Python Executable: /usr/bin/python
Python Version: 2.6.6
Python Path: ['/mysite', '/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/flup-1.0.2-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.6', '/usr/lib/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-tk', '/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-old', '/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6']
Server time: Sun, 2 Jan 2011 20:42:50 -0600
最初从Django中删除该功能的原因是头文件最终不能被信任。原因是它很容易被恶搞。例如,配置Nginx反向代理的推荐方法是:
add_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
add_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
当你这样做时:
curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.1.2' http://192.168.1.3/
你的Nginx在myhost。示例将发送:
X-Forwarded-For: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3
如果盲目地按照说明操作,X-Real-IP将是前面第一个代理的IP。
如果信任你的用户是一个问题,你可以尝试django-xff: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/django-xff/
你可以使用django-ipware,它支持Python 2和3,并处理IPv4和IPv6。
安装:
PIP安装django-ipware
简单的用法:
# In a view or a middleware where the `request` object is available
from ipware import get_client_ip
ip, is_routable = get_client_ip(request)
if ip is None:
# Unable to get the client's IP address
else:
# We got the client's IP address
if is_routable:
# The client's IP address is publicly routable on the Internet
else:
# The client's IP address is private
# Order of precedence is (Public, Private, Loopback, None)
先进的用法:
Custom Header - Custom request header for ipware to look at:
i, r = get_client_ip(request, request_header_order=['X_FORWARDED_FOR'])
i, r = get_client_ip(request, request_header_order=['X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'REMOTE_ADDR'])
Proxy Count - Django server is behind a fixed number of proxies:
i, r = get_client_ip(request, proxy_count=1)
Trusted Proxies - Django server is behind one or more known & trusted proxies:
i, r = get_client_ip(request, proxy_trusted_ips=('177.2.2.2'))
# For multiple proxies, simply add them to the list
i, r = get_client_ip(request, proxy_trusted_ips=('177.2.2.2', '177.3.3.3'))
# For proxies with fixed sub-domain and dynamic IP addresses, use partial pattern
i, r = get_client_ip(request, proxy_trusted_ips=('177.2.', '177.3.'))
注:阅读本通知。
最初从Django中删除该功能的原因是头文件最终不能被信任。原因是它很容易被恶搞。例如,配置Nginx反向代理的推荐方法是:
add_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
add_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
当你这样做时:
curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.1.2' http://192.168.1.3/
你的Nginx在myhost。示例将发送:
X-Forwarded-For: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3
如果盲目地按照说明操作,X-Real-IP将是前面第一个代理的IP。
如果信任你的用户是一个问题,你可以尝试django-xff: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/django-xff/