pip install failed with "connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)"

我对Python非常陌生，并试图在Windows 7上安装链接检查器。一些注意事项:

pip install is failing no matter the package. For example, > pip install scrapy also results in the SSL error. Vanilla install of Python 3.4.1 included pip 1.5.6. The first thing I tried to do was install linkchecker. Python 2.7 was already installed, it came with ArcGIS. python and pip were not available from the command line until I installed 3.4.1. > pip search linkchecker works. Perhaps that is because pip search does not verify the site's SSL certificate. I am in a company network but we do not go through a proxy to reach the Internet. Each company computer (including mine) has a Trusted Root Certificate Authority that is used for various reasons including enabling monitoring TLS traffic to https://google.com. Not sure if that has anything to do with it.

下面是运行pip install linkchecker后我的pip.log的内容:

Downloading/unpacking linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/: connection error: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/ (Caused by <class 'http.client.CannotSendRequest'>: Request-sent)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  URLs to search for versions for linkchecker:
  * https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement linkchecker
Cleaning up...
  Removing temporary dir C:\Users\jcook\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_jcook...
No distributions at all found for linkchecker
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 278, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req.py", line 1177, in prepare_files
    url = finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=self.upgrade)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 277, in find_requirement
    raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
pip.exceptions.DistributionNotFound: No distributions at all found for linkchecker

当前回答

对于Python 3.10

添加/更新文件内容

[global]
trusted-host = pypi.python.org
           pypi.org
           files.pythonhosted.org

文件位置

MacOS - $HOME/Library/Application Support/pip/pip.conf Unix - $HOME/.config/pip/pip.conf Windows - %APPDATA%\pip\pip.ini

2022-04-04 12:28:42

其他回答

这个页面上的任何东西都不适合我，直到我使用——verbose选项看到它想要获得files.pythonhosted.org而不是pypi.python.org:

pip install --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org <package_name>

所以通过——verbose选项检查它失败的URL。

2018-04-19 00:18:11

在连接中设置代理，然后运行:

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py --proxy proxy:80

2021-09-10 15:48:45

修复了我在OSX上的问题，在终端上运行以下程序:

open "/Applications/Python 3.9/Install Certificates.command"

2022-01-09 07:49:14

在我的情况下，这是由于SSL证书是由我公司的内部CA签署的。使用像pip——cert这样的变通方法并没有帮助，但是下面的包可以:

pip install pip_system_certs

参见:https://pypi.org/project/pip-system-certs/

这个包修补pip并在运行时请求使用来自默认系统存储的证书(而不是捆绑的certs ca)。这将允许pip验证tls/ssl连接到您的系统安装信任的服务器。

2019-05-22 10:02:03