我会使用Android在ICS中引入的AccountPicker。

Intent googlePicker = AccountPicker.newChooseAccountIntent(null, null, new String[]{GoogleAuthUtil.GOOGLE_ACCOUNT_TYPE}, true, null, null, null, null);
startActivityForResult(googlePicker, REQUEST_CODE);

然后等待结果:

protected void onActivityResult(final int requestCode, final int resultCode,
                                final Intent data) {
    if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
        String accountName = data.getStringExtra(AccountManager.KEY_ACCOUNT_NAME);
    }
}

可悲的是，接受的答案并不管用。

我迟到了，但这是内部Android电子邮件应用程序的解决方案，除非内容uri由提供商更改:

Uri EMAIL_ACCOUNTS_DATABASE_CONTENT_URI = 
              Uri.parse("content://com.android.email.provider/account");

public ArrayList<String> GET_EMAIL_ADDRESSES ()
{
    ArrayList<String> names = new ArrayList<String>();
    ContentResolver cr      = m_context.getContentResolver();
    Cursor cursor           = cr.query(EMAIL_ACCOUNTS_DATABASE_CONTENT_URI ,null, 
                             null, null, null);

    if (cursor == null) {
        Log.e("TEST", "Cannot access email accounts database");
        return null;
    }

    if (cursor.getCount() <= 0) {
        Log.e("TEST", "No accounts");
        return null;
    }

    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
        names.add(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("emailAddress")));
        Log.i("TEST", cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("emailAddress")));
    }
    return names;
}

public String getUsername() {
    AccountManager manager = AccountManager.get(this);
    Account[] accounts = manager.getAccountsByType("com.google");
    List<String> possibleEmails = new LinkedList<String>();

    for (Account account : accounts) {
        // TODO: Check possibleEmail against an email regex or treat
        // account.name as an email address only for certain account.type values.
        possibleEmails.add(account.name);
    }

    if (!possibleEmails.isEmpty() && possibleEmails.get(0) != null) {
        String email = possibleEmails.get(0);
        String[] parts = email.split("@");

        if (parts.length > 1)
            return parts[0];
    }
    return null;
}

建议的答案将不再有效，因为从android 8开始有新的限制。

更多信息请访问:https://developer.android.com/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0-changes.html#aaad

我会使用Android在ICS中引入的AccountPicker。

Intent googlePicker = AccountPicker.newChooseAccountIntent(null, null, new String[]{GoogleAuthUtil.GOOGLE_ACCOUNT_TYPE}, true, null, null, null, null);
startActivityForResult(googlePicker, REQUEST_CODE);

然后等待结果:

protected void onActivityResult(final int requestCode, final int resultCode,
                                final Intent data) {
    if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
        String accountName = data.getStringExtra(AccountManager.KEY_ACCOUNT_NAME);
    }
}

这可能对其他人有用:

使用AccountPicker在没有任何全局权限的情况下获取用户的电子邮件地址，并允许用户知道并授权或取消该过程。