有很多方法可以找到日期和时间之间的区别。我所知道的最简单的方法之一是:

      Calendar calendar1 = Calendar.getInstance();
      Calendar calendar2 = Calendar.getInstance();
      calendar1.set(2012, 04, 02);
      calendar2.set(2012, 04, 04);
      long milsecs1= calendar1.getTimeInMillis();
      long milsecs2 = calendar2.getTimeInMillis();
      long diff = milsecs2 - milsecs1;
      long dsecs = diff / 1000;
      long dminutes = diff / (60 * 1000);
      long dhours = diff / (60 * 60 * 1000);
      long ddays = diff / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);

      System.out.println("Your Day Difference="+ddays);

打印语句只是一个示例—您可以按照自己喜欢的方式格式化它。

int daysDiff = (date1.getTime() - date2.getTime()) / MILLIS_PER_DAY;

一个稍微简单一点的选择:

System.currentTimeMillis() - oldDate.getTime()

至于“更好”，你到底需要什么?将时间持续时间表示为小时数和天数等的问题是，由于日期的复杂性，它可能导致不准确和错误的期望(例如，由于夏令时，一天可能有23或25小时)。

先回答最初的问题:

将以下代码放入Long getAge(){}这样的函数中

Date dahora = new Date();
long MillisToYearsByDiv = 1000l *60l * 60l * 24l * 365l;
long javaOffsetInMillis = 1990l * MillisToYearsByDiv;
long realNowInMillis = dahora.getTime() + javaOffsetInMillis;
long realBirthDayInMillis = this.getFechaNac().getTime() + javaOffsetInMillis;
long ageInMillis = realNowInMillis - realBirthDayInMillis;

return ageInMillis / MillisToYearsByDiv;

这里最重要的是在乘法和除法时处理长数字。当然，还有Java在日期演算中应用的偏移量。

:)

我喜欢基于timeunit的方法，直到我发现它只覆盖了一个时间单元在下一个更高单位中有多少个单位是固定的这种微不足道的情况。当你想知道间隔了多少个月、多少年等时，这个问题就不成立了。

这里有一种计数方法，不像其他方法那么有效，但它似乎对我有用，而且还考虑到了夏令时。

public static String getOffsetAsString( Calendar cNow, Calendar cThen) {
    Calendar cBefore;
    Calendar cAfter;
    if ( cNow.getTimeInMillis() < cThen.getTimeInMillis()) {
        cBefore = ( Calendar) cNow.clone();
        cAfter = cThen;
    } else {
        cBefore = ( Calendar) cThen.clone();
        cAfter = cNow;
    }
    // compute diff
    Map<Integer, Long> diffMap = new HashMap<Integer, Long>();
    int[] calFields = { Calendar.YEAR, Calendar.MONTH, Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, Calendar.MINUTE, Calendar.SECOND, Calendar.MILLISECOND};
    for ( int i = 0; i < calFields.length; i++) {
        int field = calFields[ i];
        long    d = computeDist( cAfter, cBefore, field);
        diffMap.put( field, d);
    }
    final String result = String.format( "%dY %02dM %dT %02d:%02d:%02d.%03d",
            diffMap.get( Calendar.YEAR), diffMap.get( Calendar.MONTH), diffMap.get( Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH), diffMap.get( Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY), diffMap.get( Calendar.MINUTE), diffMap.get( Calendar.SECOND), diffMap.get( Calendar.MILLISECOND));
    return result;
}

private static int computeDist( Calendar cAfter, Calendar cBefore, int field) {
    cBefore.setLenient( true);
    System.out.print( "D " + new Date( cBefore.getTimeInMillis()) + " --- " + new Date( cAfter.getTimeInMillis()) + ": ");
    int count = 0;
    if ( cAfter.getTimeInMillis() > cBefore.getTimeInMillis()) {
        int fVal = cBefore.get( field);
        while ( cAfter.getTimeInMillis() >= cBefore.getTimeInMillis()) {
            count++;
            fVal = cBefore.get( field);
            cBefore.set( field, fVal + 1);
            System.out.print( count + "/"  + ( fVal + 1) + ": " + new Date( cBefore.getTimeInMillis()) + " ] ");
        }
        int result = count - 1;
        cBefore.set( field, fVal);
        System.out.println( "" + result + " at: " + field + " cb = " + new Date( cBefore.getTimeInMillis()));
        return result;
    }
    return 0;
}

如果你想修复跨越夏时制边界的日期范围的问题(例如，一个日期在夏季，另一个日期在冬季)，你可以使用这个来获得天数的差异:

public static long calculateDifferenceInDays(Date start, Date end, Locale locale) {
    Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(locale);

    cal.setTime(start);
    cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
    cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
    cal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
    cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
    long startTime = cal.getTimeInMillis();

    cal.setTime(end);
    cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
    cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
    cal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
    cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
    long endTime = cal.getTimeInMillis();

    // calculate the offset if one of the dates is in summer time and the other one in winter time
    TimeZone timezone = cal.getTimeZone();
    int offsetStart = timezone.getOffset(startTime);
    int offsetEnd = timezone.getOffset(endTime);
    int offset = offsetEnd - offsetStart;

    return TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toDays(endTime - startTime + offset);
}