我需要在Java中反复向现有文件追加文本。我怎么做呢?


当前回答

在项目的任何地方创建一个函数,并在任何需要的地方简单地调用该函数。

伙计们,你们要记住,你们调用的是活动线程,而不是异步调用,因为它可能需要5到10页才能完成。 为什么不花更多的时间在你的项目上,忘掉已经写好的东西。 正确

    //Adding a static modifier would make this accessible anywhere in your app

    public Logger getLogger()
    {
       return java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger("MyLogFileName");
    }
    //call the method anywhere and append what you want to log 
    //Logger class will take care of putting timestamps for you
    //plus the are ansychronously done so more of the 
    //processing power will go into your application

    //from inside a function body in the same class ...{...

    getLogger().log(Level.INFO,"the text you want to append");

    ...}...
    /*********log file resides in server root log files********/

三行代码,实际上是两行,因为第三行实际上是追加文本。: P

其他回答

您这样做是为了记录日志吗?如果是这样,有几个库。其中最流行的两个是Log4j和Logback。

Java 7 +

对于一次性任务,Files类可以很容易地做到这一点:

try {
    Files.write(Paths.get("myfile.txt"), "the text".getBytes(), StandardOpenOption.APPEND);
}catch (IOException e) {
    //exception handling left as an exercise for the reader
}

注意:如果文件不存在,上述方法将抛出NoSuchFileException。它也不会自动追加换行符(当追加到文本文件时,您经常希望这样)。另一种方法是同时传递CREATE和APPEND选项,如果文件不存在,则会先创建文件:

private void write(final String s) throws IOException {
    Files.writeString(
        Path.of(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"), "filename.txt"),
        s + System.lineSeparator(),
        CREATE, APPEND
    );
}

但是,如果要多次写入同一个文件,那么上面的代码段必须多次打开和关闭磁盘上的文件,这是一个缓慢的操作。在这种情况下,BufferedWriter会更快:

try(FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("myfile.txt", true);
    BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(bw))
{
    out.println("the text");
    //more code
    out.println("more text");
    //more code
} catch (IOException e) {
    //exception handling left as an exercise for the reader
}

注:

FileWriter构造函数的第二个参数将告诉它追加到文件中,而不是写入一个新文件。(如果该文件不存在,将创建该文件。) 对于昂贵的写入器(如FileWriter),建议使用BufferedWriter。 使用PrintWriter可以访问您可能在System.out中习惯的println语法。 但是BufferedWriter和PrintWriter包装器并不是严格必要的。


老Java

try {
    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("myfile.txt", true)));
    out.println("the text");
    out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
    //exception handling left as an exercise for the reader
}

异常处理

如果你需要对旧Java进行健壮的异常处理,它会变得非常冗长:

FileWriter fw = null;
BufferedWriter bw = null;
PrintWriter out = null;
try {
    fw = new FileWriter("myfile.txt", true);
    bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
    out = new PrintWriter(bw);
    out.println("the text");
    out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
    //exception handling left as an exercise for the reader
}
finally {
    try {
        if(out != null)
            out.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        //exception handling left as an exercise for the reader
    }
    try {
        if(bw != null)
            bw.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        //exception handling left as an exercise for the reader
    }
    try {
        if(fw != null)
            fw.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        //exception handling left as an exercise for the reader
    }
}

确保流在所有场景中都正确关闭。

有些令人担忧的是,这些答案中有许多在出现错误时将文件句柄保持打开状态。https://stackoverflow.com/a/15053443/2498188的答案是正确的,但只是因为BufferedWriter()不能抛出。如果可以,则异常将使FileWriter对象打开。

一种更通用的方法,它不关心BufferedWriter()是否会抛出:

  PrintWriter out = null;
  BufferedWriter bw = null;
  FileWriter fw = null;
  try{
     fw = new FileWriter("outfilename", true);
     bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
     out = new PrintWriter(bw);
     out.println("the text");
  }
  catch( IOException e ){
     // File writing/opening failed at some stage.
  }
  finally{
     try{
        if( out != null ){
           out.close(); // Will close bw and fw too
        }
        else if( bw != null ){
           bw.close(); // Will close fw too
        }
        else if( fw != null ){
           fw.close();
        }
        else{
           // Oh boy did it fail hard! :3
        }
     }
     catch( IOException e ){
        // Closing the file writers failed for some obscure reason
     }
  }

编辑:

从Java 7开始,推荐的方法是使用“try with resources”,让JVM来处理:

  try(    FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("outfilename", true);
          BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
          PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(bw)){
     out.println("the text");
  }  
  catch( IOException e ){
      // File writing/opening failed at some stage.
  }
/**********************************************************************
 * it will write content to a specified  file
 * 
 * @param keyString
 * @throws IOException
 *********************************************************************/
public static void writeToFile(String keyString,String textFilePAth) throws IOException {
    // For output to file
    File a = new File(textFilePAth);

    if (!a.exists()) {
        a.createNewFile();
    }
    FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(a.getAbsoluteFile(), true);
    BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
    bw.append(keyString);
    bw.newLine();
    bw.close();
}// end of writeToFile()

在项目的任何地方创建一个函数,并在任何需要的地方简单地调用该函数。

伙计们,你们要记住,你们调用的是活动线程,而不是异步调用,因为它可能需要5到10页才能完成。 为什么不花更多的时间在你的项目上,忘掉已经写好的东西。 正确

    //Adding a static modifier would make this accessible anywhere in your app

    public Logger getLogger()
    {
       return java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger("MyLogFileName");
    }
    //call the method anywhere and append what you want to log 
    //Logger class will take care of putting timestamps for you
    //plus the are ansychronously done so more of the 
    //processing power will go into your application

    //from inside a function body in the same class ...{...

    getLogger().log(Level.INFO,"the text you want to append");

    ...}...
    /*********log file resides in server root log files********/

三行代码,实际上是两行,因为第三行实际上是追加文本。: P

尝试使用bufferFileWriter。附加,它对我有用。

FileWriter fileWriter;
try {
    fileWriter = new FileWriter(file,true);
    BufferedWriter bufferFileWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
    bufferFileWriter.append(obj.toJSONString());
    bufferFileWriter.newLine();
    bufferFileWriter.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
    Logger.getLogger(JsonTest.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}