是否可以为JPA中的列设置默认值，如果可以，如何使用注释来完成?
当前回答
你可以使用Java反射api:
@PrePersist
void preInsert() {
PrePersistUtil.pre(this);
}
这很常见:
public class PrePersistUtil {
private static SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
public static void pre(Object object){
try {
Field[] fields = object.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for(Field field : fields){
field.setAccessible(true);
if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.Long")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,0L);
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.String")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,"");
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.util.Date")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,sdf.parse("1900-01-01"));
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.Double")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,0.0d);
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.Integer")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,0);
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.Float")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,0.0f);
}
}
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
其他回答
@Column(columnDefinition="tinyint(1) default 1")
我刚刚测试了这个问题。它工作得很好。谢谢你的提示。
关于评论:
@Column(name="price")
private double price = 0.0;
当然，这个选项不会设置数据库中的默认列值。
在2017年，JPA 2.1仍然只有@Column(columnDefinition='…')，您可以将列的文字SQL定义放在其中。这是相当不灵活的，并迫使您还声明其他方面，如类型，从而缩短了JPA实现在这方面的视图。
Hibernate有这个:
@Column(length = 4096, nullable = false)
@org.hibernate.annotations.ColumnDefault("")
private String description;
标识通过DDL应用到关联列的DEFAULT值。
Hibernate 4.3文档(4.3是为了显示它已经存在很长时间了) 数据库列的默认值为Hibernate手册
两点注意事项:
1) Don't be afraid of going non-standard. Working as a JBoss developer, I've seen quite some specification processes. The specification is basically the baseline that the big players in given field are willing to commit to support for the next decade or so. It's true for security, for messaging, ORM is no difference (although JPA covers quite a lot). My experience as a developer is that in a complex application, sooner or later you will need a non-standard API anyway. And @ColumnDefault is an example when it outweigts the negatives of using a non-standard solution.
2)每个人都挥动@PrePersist或构造函数成员初始化的方式很好。但这不是一回事。批量SQL更新怎么样?不设置列的语句呢?DEFAULT有它自己的角色，不能通过初始化Java类成员来替代。
这在JPA中是不可能的。
下面是您可以使用Column注释执行的操作:http://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/Column.html
在我的例子中，我修改了休眠核源代码，好吧，引入了一个新的注释@DefaultValue:
commit 34199cba96b6b1dc42d0d19c066bd4d119b553d5
Author: Lenik <xjl at 99jsj.com>
Date: Wed Dec 21 13:28:33 2011 +0800
Add default-value ddl support with annotation @DefaultValue.
diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/annotations/DefaultValue.java b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/annotations/DefaultValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3e605e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/annotations/DefaultValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package org.hibernate.annotations;
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.FIELD;
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
+import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+
+/**
+ * Specify a default value for the column.
+ *
+ * This is used to generate the auto DDL.
+ *
+ * WARNING: This is not part of JPA 2.0 specification.
+ *
+ * @author 谢继雷
+ */
+@java.lang.annotation.Target({ FIELD, METHOD })
+@Retention(RUNTIME)
+public @interface DefaultValue {
+
+ /**
+ * The default value sql fragment.
+ *
+ * For string values, you need to quote the value like 'foo'.
+ *
+ * Because different database implementation may use different
+ * quoting format, so this is not portable. But for simple values
+ * like number and strings, this is generally enough for use.
+ */
+ String value();
+
+}
diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/cfg/Ejb3Column.java b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/cfg/Ejb3Column.java
index b289b1e..ac57f1a 100644
--- a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/cfg/Ejb3Column.java
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/cfg/Ejb3Column.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import org.hibernate.AnnotationException;
import org.hibernate.AssertionFailure;
import org.hibernate.annotations.ColumnTransformer;
import org.hibernate.annotations.ColumnTransformers;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.DefaultValue;
import org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.XProperty;
import org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.Nullability;
import org.hibernate.mapping.Column;
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ public class Ejb3Column {
private String propertyName;
private boolean unique;
private boolean nullable = true;
+ private String defaultValue;
private String formulaString;
private Formula formula;
private Table table;
@@ -175,7 +177,15 @@ public class Ejb3Column {
return mappingColumn.isNullable();
}
- public Ejb3Column() {
+ public String getDefaultValue() {
+ return defaultValue;
+ }
+
+ public void setDefaultValue(String defaultValue) {
+ this.defaultValue = defaultValue;
+ }
+
+ public Ejb3Column() {
}
public void bind() {
@@ -186,7 +196,7 @@ public class Ejb3Column {
}
else {
initMappingColumn(
- logicalColumnName, propertyName, length, precision, scale, nullable, sqlType, unique, true
+ logicalColumnName, propertyName, length, precision, scale, nullable, sqlType, unique, defaultValue, true
);
log.debug( "Binding column: " + toString());
}
@@ -201,6 +211,7 @@ public class Ejb3Column {
boolean nullable,
String sqlType,
boolean unique,
+ String defaultValue,
boolean applyNamingStrategy) {
if ( StringHelper.isNotEmpty( formulaString ) ) {
this.formula = new Formula();
@@ -217,6 +228,7 @@ public class Ejb3Column {
this.mappingColumn.setNullable( nullable );
this.mappingColumn.setSqlType( sqlType );
this.mappingColumn.setUnique( unique );
+ this.mappingColumn.setDefaultValue(defaultValue);
if(writeExpression != null && !writeExpression.matches("[^?]*\\?[^?]*")) {
throw new AnnotationException(
@@ -454,6 +466,11 @@ public class Ejb3Column {
else {
column.setLogicalColumnName( columnName );
}
+ DefaultValue _defaultValue = inferredData.getProperty().getAnnotation(DefaultValue.class);
+ if (_defaultValue != null) {
+ String defaultValue = _defaultValue.value();
+ column.setDefaultValue(defaultValue);
+ }
column.setPropertyName(
BinderHelper.getRelativePath( propertyHolder, inferredData.getPropertyName() )
diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/cfg/Ejb3JoinColumn.java b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/cfg/Ejb3JoinColumn.java
index e57636a..3d871f7 100644
--- a/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/cfg/Ejb3JoinColumn.java
+++ b/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/cfg/Ejb3JoinColumn.java
@@ -423,6 +424,7 @@ public class Ejb3JoinColumn extends Ejb3Column {
getMappingColumn() != null ? getMappingColumn().isNullable() : false,
referencedColumn.getSqlType(),
getMappingColumn() != null ? getMappingColumn().isUnique() : false,
+ null, // default-value
false
);
linkWithValue( value );
@@ -502,6 +504,7 @@ public class Ejb3JoinColumn extends Ejb3Column {
getMappingColumn().isNullable(),
column.getSqlType(),
getMappingColumn().isUnique(),
+ null, // default-value
false //We do copy no strategy here
);
linkWithValue( value );
好吧，这是一个仅限休眠的解决方案。
你可以使用Java反射api:
@PrePersist
void preInsert() {
PrePersistUtil.pre(this);
}
这很常见:
public class PrePersistUtil {
private static SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
public static void pre(Object object){
try {
Field[] fields = object.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for(Field field : fields){
field.setAccessible(true);
if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.Long")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,0L);
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.String")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,"");
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.util.Date")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,sdf.parse("1900-01-01"));
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.Double")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,0.0d);
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.Integer")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,0);
}else if (field.getType().getName().equals("java.lang.Float")
&& field.get(object) == null){
field.set(object,0.0f);
}
}
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
推荐文章
- getResourceAsStream返回null
- 如何使用Java中的Scanner类从控制台读取输入?
- 如何添加JTable在JPanel与空布局?
- Statement和PreparedStatement的区别
- 为什么不能在Java中扩展注释?
- 在Java中使用UUID的最重要位的碰撞可能性
- 转换列表的最佳方法:map还是foreach?
- 如何分割逗号分隔的字符串?
- Java字符串—查看字符串是否只包含数字而不包含字母
- Mockito.any()传递带有泛型的接口
- 在IntelliJ 10.5中运行测试时，出现“NoSuchMethodError: org.hamcrest. matcher . descripbemismatch”
- 使用String.split()和多个分隔符
- Java数组有最大大小吗?
- 在Android中将字符串转换为Uri
- 从JSON生成Java类?
