在官方文档中解释状态转换:https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UIViewController_Class/index.html

这张图片显示了各种视图' will '和' did '回调方法之间的有效状态转换

有效的状态转换:

取自:https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UIViewController_Class/Art/UIViewController类Reference_2x.png

iOS 6及以后版本。新的图表如下:

根据苹果的文件-开始开发iOS应用程序(Swift) -使用视图控制器-理解视图控制器生命周期

viewDidLoad()—Called when the view controller’s content view (the top of its view hierarchy) is created and loaded from a storyboard. … Use this method to perform any additional setup required by your view controller. viewWillAppear()—Called just before the view controller’s content view is added to the app’s view hierarchy. Use this method to trigger any operations that need to occur before the content view is presented onscreen viewDidAppear()—Called just after the view controller’s content view has been added to the app’s view hierarchy. Use this method to trigger any operations that need to occur as soon as the view is presented onscreen, such as fetching data or showing an animation. viewWillDisappear()—Called just before the view controller’s content view is removed from the app’s view hierarchy. Use this method to perform cleanup tasks like committing changes or resigning the first responder status. viewDidDisappear()—Called just after the view controller’s content view has been removed from the app’s view hierarchy. Use this method to perform additional teardown activities.

这里有很多过时和不完整的信息。仅适用于iOS 6及更新版本:

(一)未经 viewDidLoad[一] 那些有点 viewWillLayoutSubviews是边界第一次被最终确定 viewDidLayoutSubviews 在viewDidAppear * viewWillLayoutSubviews [b] * viewDidLayoutSubviews [b]

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脚注:

(a) -如果在didReceiveMemoryWarning期间手动空出视图，loadView和viewDidLoad将再次被调用。也就是说，默认情况下，loadView和viewDidLoad每个视图控制器实例只被调用一次。

(b)可称为额外0次或更多次。

iOS 10,11 (Swift 3.1,Swift 4.0)

根据UIKit开发者的UIViewController，

1. loadView ()

如果子类没有使用nib，就应该在这里创建自定义视图层次结构。不要直接打电话。

2. loadViewIfNeeded ()

如果视图控制器的视图尚未被设置，则加载视图控制器的视图。

3. 视图加载（）

在视图加载后调用。对于在代码中创建的视图控制器，它位于-loadView之后。对于从nib未归档的视图控制器，这是在视图被设置之后。

4. viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool)

当视图即将变为可见时调用。违约不起任何作用

5. viewWillLayoutSubviews ()

在视图控制器的视图的layoutSubviews方法被调用之前调用。子类可以根据需要实现。违约不起任何作用。

6. 视图布局子视图（）

在视图控制器的视图的layoutSubviews方法被调用之后调用。子类可以根据需要实现。违约不起任何作用。

7. viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool)

当视图完全转换到屏幕上时调用。违约不起任何作用

8. viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool)

当视图被解散、覆盖或以其他方式隐藏时调用。违约不起任何作用

9. viewDidDisappear(_ animated: Bool)

在视图被解散，覆盖或以其他方式隐藏后调用。违约不起任何作用

10. viewWillTransition(大小:CGSize，协调器:UIViewControllerTransitionCoordinator)

视图正在转换时调用。

11. willMove(到父视图控制器:UIViewController?)

12. didMove(to arentviewcontroller parent: UIViewController?)

这两个方法是公共的，供容器子类在子控制器之间转换时调用。如果它们被覆盖，覆盖应确保调用超级。

当子对象从父对象中移除时，这两个方法中的父对象参数都为nil;否则它等于新的父视图控制器。

13. didReceiveMemoryWarning ()

当父应用程序接收到内存警告时调用。在iOS 6.0上，默认情况下它将不再清除视图。

让我们集中在方法上，它们负责UIViewController的生命周期:

Creation: - (void)init - (void)initWithNibName: View creation: - (BOOL)isViewLoaded - (void)loadView - (void)viewDidLoad - (UIView *)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame - (UIView *)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder Handling of view state changing: - (void)viewDidLoad - (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated - (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated - (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated - (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated - (void)viewDidUnload Memory warning handling: - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning Deallocation - (void)viewDidUnload - (void)dealloc

更多信息请查看UIViewController类参考。