我的意思是:
Original String + Salt or Key --> Encrypted String
Encrypted String + Salt or Key --> Decrypted (Original String)
也许是这样的:
"hello world!" + "ABCD1234" --> Encrypt --> "2a2ffa8f13220befbe30819047e23b2c" (may be, for e.g)
"2a2ffa8f13220befbe30819047e23b2c" --> Decrypt with "ABCD1234" --> "hello world!"
在PHP中，如何做到这一点?
尝试使用Crypt_Blowfish，但它不适合我。
当前回答
如果你不想使用库(你应该)，那么使用这样的东西(PHP 7):
function sign($message, $key) {
return hash_hmac('sha256', $message, $key) . $message;
}
function verify($bundle, $key) {
return hash_equals(
hash_hmac('sha256', mb_substr($bundle, 64, null, '8bit'), $key),
mb_substr($bundle, 0, 64, '8bit')
);
}
function getKey($password, $keysize = 16) {
return hash_pbkdf2('sha256',$password,'some_token',100000,$keysize,true);
}
function encrypt($message, $password) {
$iv = random_bytes(16);
$key = getKey($password);
$result = sign(openssl_encrypt($message,'aes-256-ctr',$key,OPENSSL_RAW_DATA,$iv), $key);
return bin2hex($iv).bin2hex($result);
}
function decrypt($hash, $password) {
$iv = hex2bin(substr($hash, 0, 32));
$data = hex2bin(substr($hash, 32));
$key = getKey($password);
if (!verify($data, $key)) {
return null;
}
return openssl_decrypt(mb_substr($data, 64, null, '8bit'),'aes-256-ctr',$key,OPENSSL_RAW_DATA,$iv);
}
$string_to_encrypt='John Smith';
$password='password';
$encrypted_string=encrypt($string_to_encrypt, $password);
$decrypted_string=decrypt($encrypted_string, $password);
其他回答
下面的代码适用于php中所有具有特殊字符的字符串
// Encrypt text --
$token = "9611222007552";
$cipher_method = 'aes-128-ctr';
$enc_key = openssl_digest(php_uname(), 'SHA256', TRUE);
$enc_iv = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(openssl_cipher_iv_length($cipher_method));
$crypted_token = openssl_encrypt($token, $cipher_method, $enc_key, 0, $enc_iv) . "::" . bin2hex($enc_iv);
echo $crypted_token;
//unset($token, $cipher_method, $enc_key, $enc_iv);
// Decrypt text --
list($crypted_token, $enc_iv) = explode("::", $crypted_token);
$cipher_method = 'aes-128-ctr';
$enc_key = openssl_digest(php_uname(), 'SHA256', TRUE);
$token = openssl_decrypt($crypted_token, $cipher_method, $enc_key, 0, hex2bin($enc_iv));
echo $token;
//unset($crypted_token, $cipher_method, $enc_key, $enc_iv);
更新
PHP 7就绪版本。它使用了PHP OpenSSL库中的openssl_encrypt函数。
class Openssl_EncryptDecrypt {
function encrypt ($pure_string, $encryption_key) {
$cipher = 'AES-256-CBC';
$options = OPENSSL_RAW_DATA;
$hash_algo = 'sha256';
$sha2len = 32;
$ivlen = openssl_cipher_iv_length($cipher);
$iv = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($ivlen);
$ciphertext_raw = openssl_encrypt($pure_string, $cipher, $encryption_key, $options, $iv);
$hmac = hash_hmac($hash_algo, $ciphertext_raw, $encryption_key, true);
return $iv.$hmac.$ciphertext_raw;
}
function decrypt ($encrypted_string, $encryption_key) {
$cipher = 'AES-256-CBC';
$options = OPENSSL_RAW_DATA;
$hash_algo = 'sha256';
$sha2len = 32;
$ivlen = openssl_cipher_iv_length($cipher);
$iv = substr($encrypted_string, 0, $ivlen);
$hmac = substr($encrypted_string, $ivlen, $sha2len);
$ciphertext_raw = substr($encrypted_string, $ivlen+$sha2len);
$original_plaintext = openssl_decrypt($ciphertext_raw, $cipher, $encryption_key, $options, $iv);
$calcmac = hash_hmac($hash_algo, $ciphertext_raw, $encryption_key, true);
if(function_exists('hash_equals')) {
if (hash_equals($hmac, $calcmac)) return $original_plaintext;
} else {
if ($this->hash_equals_custom($hmac, $calcmac)) return $original_plaintext;
}
}
/**
* (Optional)
* hash_equals() function polyfilling.
* PHP 5.6+ timing attack safe comparison
*/
function hash_equals_custom($knownString, $userString) {
if (function_exists('mb_strlen')) {
$kLen = mb_strlen($knownString, '8bit');
$uLen = mb_strlen($userString, '8bit');
} else {
$kLen = strlen($knownString);
$uLen = strlen($userString);
}
if ($kLen !== $uLen) {
return false;
}
$result = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $kLen; $i++) {
$result |= (ord($knownString[$i]) ^ ord($userString[$i]));
}
return 0 === $result;
}
}
define('ENCRYPTION_KEY', '__^%&Q@$&*!@#$%^&*^__');
$string = "This is the original string!";
$OpensslEncryption = new Openssl_EncryptDecrypt;
$encrypted = $OpensslEncryption->encrypt($string, ENCRYPTION_KEY);
$decrypted = $OpensslEncryption->decrypt($encrypted, ENCRYPTION_KEY);
以下是使用AES256 CBC在PHP中加密/解密字符串的紧凑方法:
function encryptString($plaintext, $password, $encoding = null) {
$iv = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16);
$ciphertext = openssl_encrypt($plaintext, "AES-256-CBC", hash('sha256', $password, true), OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv);
$hmac = hash_hmac('sha256', $ciphertext.$iv, hash('sha256', $password, true), true);
return $encoding == "hex" ? bin2hex($iv.$hmac.$ciphertext) : ($encoding == "base64" ? base64_encode($iv.$hmac.$ciphertext) : $iv.$hmac.$ciphertext);
}
function decryptString($ciphertext, $password, $encoding = null) {
$ciphertext = $encoding == "hex" ? hex2bin($ciphertext) : ($encoding == "base64" ? base64_decode($ciphertext) : $ciphertext);
if (!hash_equals(hash_hmac('sha256', substr($ciphertext, 48).substr($ciphertext, 0, 16), hash('sha256', $password, true), true), substr($ciphertext, 16, 32))) return null;
return openssl_decrypt(substr($ciphertext, 48), "AES-256-CBC", hash('sha256', $password, true), OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, substr($ciphertext, 0, 16));
}
用法:
$enc = encryptString("mysecretText", "myPassword");
$dec = decryptString($enc, "myPassword");
编辑:这是一个新版本的函数，使用AES256 GCM和PBKDF2作为密钥推导，更安全。
function str_encryptaesgcm($plaintext, $password, $encoding = null) {
if ($plaintext != null && $password != null) {
$keysalt = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16);
$key = hash_pbkdf2("sha512", $password, $keysalt, 20000, 32, true);
$iv = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(openssl_cipher_iv_length("aes-256-gcm"));
$tag = "";
$encryptedstring = openssl_encrypt($plaintext, "aes-256-gcm", $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv, $tag, "", 16);
return $encoding == "hex" ? bin2hex($keysalt.$iv.$encryptedstring.$tag) : ($encoding == "base64" ? base64_encode($keysalt.$iv.$encryptedstring.$tag) : $keysalt.$iv.$encryptedstring.$tag);
}
}
function str_decryptaesgcm($encryptedstring, $password, $encoding = null) {
if ($encryptedstring != null && $password != null) {
$encryptedstring = $encoding == "hex" ? hex2bin($encryptedstring) : ($encoding == "base64" ? base64_decode($encryptedstring) : $encryptedstring);
$keysalt = substr($encryptedstring, 0, 16);
$key = hash_pbkdf2("sha512", $password, $keysalt, 20000, 32, true);
$ivlength = openssl_cipher_iv_length("aes-256-gcm");
$iv = substr($encryptedstring, 16, $ivlength);
$tag = substr($encryptedstring, -16);
return openssl_decrypt(substr($encryptedstring, 16 + $ivlength, -16), "aes-256-gcm", $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv, $tag);
}
}
用法:
$enc = str_encryptaesgcm("mysecretText", "myPassword", "base64"); // return a base64 encrypted string, you can also choose hex or null as encoding.
$dec = str_decryptaesgcm($enc, "myPassword", "base64");
如果你不想使用库(你应该)，那么使用这样的东西(PHP 7):
function sign($message, $key) {
return hash_hmac('sha256', $message, $key) . $message;
}
function verify($bundle, $key) {
return hash_equals(
hash_hmac('sha256', mb_substr($bundle, 64, null, '8bit'), $key),
mb_substr($bundle, 0, 64, '8bit')
);
}
function getKey($password, $keysize = 16) {
return hash_pbkdf2('sha256',$password,'some_token',100000,$keysize,true);
}
function encrypt($message, $password) {
$iv = random_bytes(16);
$key = getKey($password);
$result = sign(openssl_encrypt($message,'aes-256-ctr',$key,OPENSSL_RAW_DATA,$iv), $key);
return bin2hex($iv).bin2hex($result);
}
function decrypt($hash, $password) {
$iv = hex2bin(substr($hash, 0, 32));
$data = hex2bin(substr($hash, 32));
$key = getKey($password);
if (!verify($data, $key)) {
return null;
}
return openssl_decrypt(mb_substr($data, 64, null, '8bit'),'aes-256-ctr',$key,OPENSSL_RAW_DATA,$iv);
}
$string_to_encrypt='John Smith';
$password='password';
$encrypted_string=encrypt($string_to_encrypt, $password);
$decrypted_string=decrypt($encrypted_string, $password);
对于Laravel框架
如果您正在使用Laravel框架，那么使用内部函数加密和解密将更加容易。
$string = 'Some text to be encrypted';
$encrypted = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Crypt::encrypt($string);
$decrypted_string = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Crypt::decrypt($encrypted);
var_dump($string);
var_dump($encrypted);
var_dump($decrypted_string);
注意:请确保在中设置16,24或32个字符的随机字符串 config/app.php文件的关键选项。否则，加密值 不会有安全感。
