你同步的是对象而不是类。所以它们不能同时在同一物体上运行

Two different Threads executing a common synchronized method on the single object, since the object is same, when one thread uses it with synchronized method, it will have to verify the lock, if the lock is enabled, this thread will go to wait state, if lock is disabled then it can access the object, while it will access it will enable the lock and will release the lock only when it's execution is complete. when the another threads arrives, it will verify the lock, since it is enabled it will wait till the first thread completes his execution and releases the lock put on the object, once the lock is released the second thread will gain access to the object and it will enable the lock until it's execution. so the execution will not be not concurrent, both threads will execute one by one, when both the threads use the synchronized method on different objects, they will run concurrently.

Java线程在进入实例同步Java方法时获得一个对象级锁，在进入静态同步Java方法时获得一个类级锁。

在您的示例中，方法(实例)属于同一个类。因此，当一个线程进入java synchronized方法或块时，它会获得一个锁(方法被调用的对象)。因此，在第一个方法完成并释放lock(on object)之前，不能在同一对象上同时调用其他方法。

是的，它们可以同时运行两个线程。如果创建类的2个对象，每个对象只包含一个锁，并且每个同步方法都需要锁。 如果你想同时运行，创建两个对象然后使用那些对象引用来运行。

将您的代码想像如下所示:

class A {

public void methodA() {
    synchronized(this){        
      //method A body
    }
}

public void methodB() {
    synchronized(this){
      // method B body
    }
}

因此，在方法级别上同步仅仅意味着同步(这个)。 如果任何线程运行该类的方法，它将在开始执行之前获得锁，并持有它直到方法执行完成。

但是我可以在不同的线程上运行methodB()而methodA()仍然是 跑步吗?(同一对象)

的确，这是不可能的!

因此，多个线程将不能同时在同一个对象上运行任意数量的同步方法。

不容易理解的同步的关键思想是，它只有在对同一个对象实例调用方法时才会起作用——这已经在回答和评论中突出显示了——

下面的示例程序是清楚地查明相同的-

public class Test {

public synchronized void methodA(String currentObjectName) throws InterruptedException {
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "->" +currentObjectName + "->methodA in");
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "->" +currentObjectName + "->methodA out");
}

public synchronized void methodB(String currentObjectName)  throws InterruptedException {
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "->" +currentObjectName + "->methodB in");
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "->" +currentObjectName + "->methodB out");
}

public static void main(String[] args){
    Test object1 = new Test();
    Test object2 = new Test();
    //passing object instances to the runnable to make calls later
    TestRunner runner = new TestRunner(object1,object2);
    // you need to start atleast two threads to properly see the behaviour
    Thread thread1 = new Thread(runner);
    thread1.start();
    Thread thread2 = new Thread(runner);
    thread2.start();
}
}

class TestRunner implements Runnable {
Test object1;
Test object2;

public TestRunner(Test h1,Test h2) {
    this.object1 = h1;
    this.object2 = h2;
}

@Override
public void run() {
    synchronizedEffectiveAsMethodsCalledOnSameObject(object1);
    //noEffectOfSynchronizedAsMethodsCalledOnDifferentObjects(object1,object2);
}

// this method calls the method A and B with same object instance object1 hence simultaneous NOT possible
private void synchronizedEffectiveAsMethodsCalledOnSameObject(Test object1) {
    try {
        object1.methodA("object1");
        object1.methodB("object1");
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

// this method calls the method A and B with different object instances object1 and object2 hence simultaneous IS possible
private void noEffectOfSynchronizedAsMethodsCalledOnDifferentObjects(Test object1,Test object2) {
    try {
        object1.methodA("object1");
        object2.methodB("object2");
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
}

请注意，如果在不同的对象实例上调用方法，则输出中允许同时访问的方式是不同的。

输出带有noEffectOfSynchronizedAsMethodsCalledOnDifferentObjects()注释-输出是in order methodA in > methodA Out ..methodB in > methodB Out

和输出synchronizedEffectiveAsMethodsCalledOnSameObject()注释- 输出显示在突出显示的部分-中，Thread1和Thread0同时访问方法da

增加线程数将使其更加明显。