使文本变成斜体的正确方法是什么?我看到了以下四种方法:

<i>Italic Text</i>

<em>Italic Text</em>

<span class="italic">Italic Text</span>

<span class="footnote">Italic Text</span>

<i>

这是“老办法”。<i>没有语义意义,只传达了使文本变成斜体的表示效果。在我看来,这显然是错误的,因为这是非语义的。


<em>

它使用语义标记来实现纯粹的表示目的。它只是发生在默认情况下,<em>以斜体显示文本,所以它经常被那些知道<i>应该避免,但不知道其语义的人使用。并非所有的斜体文本都是斜体,因为它被强调了。有时,它可以是完全相反的,就像一个边注或耳语。


< span class = "斜体”>

This uses a CSS class to place presentation. This is often touted as the correct way but again, this seems wrong to me. This doesn't appear to convey any more semantic meaning that <i>. But, its proponents cry, it is much easier to change all your italic text later if you, say, wanted it bold. Yet this is not the case because I would then be left with a class called "italic" that rendered text bold. Furthermore, it is not clear why I would ever want to change all italic text on my website or at least we can think of cases in which this would not be desirable or necessary.


<跨越阶层= footnote”>

它使用CSS类来实现语义。到目前为止,这似乎是最好的方法,但实际上它有两个问题。

Not all text has sufficient meaning to warrant semantic markup. For example, is italicised text at the bottom of the page really a footnote? Or is it an aside? Or something else entirely. Perhaps it has no special meaning and only needs to be rendered in italics to separate it presentationally from the text preceding it. Semantic meaning can change when it is not present in sufficient strength. Lets say I went along with "footnote" based upon nothing more than the text being at the bottom of the page. What happens when a few months later I want to add more text at the bottom? It is no longer a footnote. How can we choose a semantic class that is less generic than <em> but avoids these problems?


总结

在许多情况下,语义的要求似乎过于繁重,在这些情况下,使某些内容成为斜体的愿望并不意味着具有语义意义。

此外,将样式与结构分离的愿望导致CSS被吹捧为<i>的替代品,当它实际上没有那么有用的时候。所以这让我回到卑微的<i>标签,并想知道这条思路是否是它留在HTML5规范中的原因?

有没有关于这个主题的好博客或文章?也许是那些参与决定保留/创建<i>标记的人?


当前回答

好的,首先要注意的是<i>已弃用,不应该使用<i>已弃用,但我仍然不建议使用它——查看评论了解详细信息。这是因为它完全违背了将表示保留在表示层,正如您所指出的那样。类似地,<span class="italic">似乎也打破了这个模式。

So now we have two real ways of doing things: <em> and <span class="footnote">. Remember that em stands for emphasis. When you wish to apply emphasis to a word, phrase or sentence, stick it in <em> tags regardless of whether you want italics or not. If you want to change the styling in some other way, use CSS: em { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; }. Of course, you can also apply a class to the <em> tag: if you decide you want certain emphasised phrases to show up in red, give them a class and add it to the CSS:

Fancy some <em class="special">shiny</em> text?

em { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; }
em.special { color: red; }

如果由于其他原因使用斜体,则使用其他方法并为该节指定一个类。这样,您就可以随时更改样式,而无需调整HTML。在你的例子中,脚注不应该被强调——事实上,它们应该被淡化,因为脚注的重点是显示不重要但有趣或有用的信息。在这种情况下,最好将一个类应用到脚注中,并使其看起来像表示层中的一个类—CSS。

其他回答

使用<em>如果你需要一些字/字符斜体在内容没有其他样式。它还有助于使内容具有语义性。

文本样式更适合多种样式,没有语义需求。

你应该针对不同的用例使用不同的方法:

If you want to emphasise a phrase, use <em>. The <i> tag has a new meaning in HTML5, representing "a span of text in an alternate voice or mood". So you should use this tag for things like thoughts/asides or idiomatic phrases. The spec also suggests ship names (but no longer suggests book/song/movie names; use <cite> for that instead). If the italicised text is part of a larger context, say an introductory paragraph, you should attach the CSS style to the larger element, i.e. p.intro { font-style: italic; }

我会说使用<em>来强调内联元素。为块元素(如文本块)使用类。不管是不是CSS,文本都必须被标记。不管它是为了语义还是视觉辅助,我假设你会用它来做一些有意义的事情……

如果出于任何原因要强调文本,则可以使用<em>,或一个使文本斜体的类。

有时候打破规则是可以的!

好的,首先要注意的是<i>已弃用,不应该使用<i>已弃用,但我仍然不建议使用它——查看评论了解详细信息。这是因为它完全违背了将表示保留在表示层,正如您所指出的那样。类似地,<span class="italic">似乎也打破了这个模式。

So now we have two real ways of doing things: <em> and <span class="footnote">. Remember that em stands for emphasis. When you wish to apply emphasis to a word, phrase or sentence, stick it in <em> tags regardless of whether you want italics or not. If you want to change the styling in some other way, use CSS: em { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; }. Of course, you can also apply a class to the <em> tag: if you decide you want certain emphasised phrases to show up in red, give them a class and add it to the CSS:

Fancy some <em class="special">shiny</em> text?

em { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; }
em.special { color: red; }

如果由于其他原因使用斜体,则使用其他方法并为该节指定一个类。这样,您就可以随时更改样式,而无需调整HTML。在你的例子中,脚注不应该被强调——事实上,它们应该被淡化,因为脚注的重点是显示不重要但有趣或有用的信息。在这种情况下,最好将一个类应用到脚注中,并使其看起来像表示层中的一个类—CSS。

DO

给class属性一个值,表明数据的性质(例如,class="footnote"是好的) 为页面创建一个CSS样式表 定义一个CSS样式,它附加到指定给元素的类上 .footnote { 字体样式:斜体; }

不要使用<i>或<em>元素——它们不受支持,并且将数据和表示绑得太紧。 不要给类指定表示规则的值(即不要使用class="italic")。