这个问题在谷歌的顶部弹出，所以在我的例子中，我使用了css代码片段 从https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/truncate-string-with-ellipsis/，但应用到td没有给出预期的结果。

我不得不在td的文本周围添加一个div标签，省略号终于起作用了。

简写HTML代码;

<table style="width:100%">
 <tr>
    <td><div class='truncate'>Some Long Text Here</div></td>
 </tr>
</table>

缩写CSS;

.truncate { width: 300px; white-space:nowrap; overflow:hidden; text-overflow:ellipsis; }

<table border="1" style="width: 100%;">
    <colgroup>
        <col width="100%" />
        <col width="0%" />
    </colgroup>
    <tr>
        <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-overflow:ellipsis; overflow: hidden; max-width:1px;">This cell has more content.This cell has more content.This cell has more content.This cell has more content.This cell has more content.This cell has more content.</td>
        <td style="white-space: nowrap;">Less content here.</td>
    </tr>
</table>

http://jsfiddle.net/7CURQ/

Yep I would say thirtydot has it, there is no way to do it unless you use a js method. You are talking about a complex set of rendering conditions that you will have to define. e.g. what happens when both cells are getting too big for their apartments you will have to decide who has priority or simply just give them a percentage of the area and if they are overfull they will both take up that area and only if one has whitespace will you stretch your legs in the other cell, either way there is no way to do it with css. Although there are some pretty funky things people do with css that I have not thought of. I really doubt you can do this though.

你可以试着“加权”某些列，像这样:

<table border="1" style="width: 100%;">
    <colgroup>
        <col width="80%" />
        <col width="20%" />
    </colgroup>
    <tr>
        <td>This cell has more content.</td>
        <td>Less content here.</td>
    </tr>
</table>

您还可以尝试一些更有趣的调整，如使用0%宽度的列和使用一些组合的白色空间CSS属性。

<table border="1" style="width: 100%;">
    <colgroup>
        <col width="100%" />
        <col width="0%" />
    </colgroup>
    <tr>
        <td>This cell has more content.</td>
        <td style="white-space: nowrap;">Less content here.</td>
    </tr>
</table>

你懂的。

就像samplebias答案一样，如果Javascript是一个可接受的答案，我专门为此目的做了一个jQuery插件:https://github.com/marcogrcr/jquery-tableoverflow

要使用插件，只需输入

$('selector').tableoverflow();

完整示例:http://jsfiddle.net/Cw7TD/3/embedded/result/

编辑:

修复了jsfiddle的IE兼容性问题。 修复jsfiddle中更好的浏览器兼容性(Chrome, Firefox, IE8+)。

如果Javascript是可以接受的，我把一个快速例程放在一起，你可以作为一个起点。它动态地尝试使用跨度的内部宽度来适应单元格宽度，以响应窗口调整大小事件。

目前，它假设每个单元格通常获得行宽的50%，并且它将折叠右侧单元格以保持左侧单元格的最大宽度，以避免溢出。您可以实现更复杂的宽度平衡逻辑，这取决于您的用例。希望这能有所帮助:

我用于测试的行标记:

<tr class="row">
    <td style="overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis">
    <span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.</span>
    </td>
    <td style="overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis">
    <span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.</span>
    </td>
</tr>

JQuery，它连接了resize事件:

$(window).resize(function() {
    $('.row').each(function() {
        var row_width = $(this).width();
        var cols = $(this).find('td');
        var left = cols[0];
        var lcell_width = $(left).width();
        var lspan_width = $(left).find('span').width();
        var right = cols[1];
        var rcell_width = $(right).width();
        var rspan_width = $(right).find('span').width();

        if (lcell_width < lspan_width) {
            $(left).width(row_width - rcell_width);
        } else if (rcell_width > rspan_width) {
            $(left).width(row_width / 2);
        }
    });
});