其实很简单:

@EventListener(ApplicationReadyEvent.class)
public void doSomethingAfterStartup() {
    System.out.println("hello world, I have just started up");
}

在1.5.1.RELEASE版本上测试

为spring boot应用程序实现CommandLineRunner。 你需要实现run方法，

public classs SpringBootApplication implements CommandLineRunner{

    @Override
        public void run(String... arg0) throws Exception {
        // write your logic here 

        }
}

你试过ApplicationReadyEvent吗?

@Component
public class ApplicationStartup 
implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationReadyEvent> {

  /**
   * This event is executed as late as conceivably possible to indicate that 
   * the application is ready to service requests.
   */
  @Override
  public void onApplicationEvent(final ApplicationReadyEvent event) {

    // here your code ...

    return;
  }
}

代码来自:http://blog.netgloo.com/2014/11/13/run-code-at-spring-boot-startup/

下面是文档中提到的启动事件:

... Application events are sent in the following order, as your application runs: An ApplicationStartedEvent is sent at the start of a run, but before any processing except the registration of listeners and initializers. An ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent is sent when the Environment to be used in the context is known, but before the context is created. An ApplicationPreparedEvent is sent just before the refresh is started, but after bean definitions have been loaded. An ApplicationReadyEvent is sent after the refresh and any related callbacks have been processed to indicate the application is ready to service requests. An ApplicationFailedEvent is sent if there is an exception on startup. ...

“Spring Boot”方式是使用CommandLineRunner。只需添加该类型的bean，就可以了。在Spring 4.1 (Boot 1.2)中，也有一个SmartInitializingBean，它在所有东西初始化后得到一个回调。还有SmartLifecycle(来自Spring 3)。

使用CommandLineRunner或ApplicationRunner的最佳方式 两者之间唯一的区别是run()方法 CommandLineRunner接受字符串数组，ApplicationRunner接受应用参数。

Try:

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan
public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
    public static void main(final String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);

        context.getBean(Table.class).fillWithTestdata(); // <-- here
    }
}