查看JavaScript onbeforeunload事件。它是微软引入的非标准JavaScript，但是它可以在大多数浏览器中运行，他们的onbeforeunload文档有更多的信息和示例。

简短的回答:

let pageModified = true

window.addEventListener("beforeunload", 
  () => pageModified ? 'Close page without saving data?' : null
)

下面的代码工作得很好。你需要通过id属性到达你的表单元素的输入更改:

var somethingChanged=false;
            $('#managerForm input').change(function() { 
                somethingChanged = true; 
           }); 
            $(window).bind('beforeunload', function(e){
                if(somethingChanged)
                    return "You made some changes and it's not saved?";
                else 
                    e=null; // i.e; if form state change show warning box, else don't show it.
            });
        });

我做了下面的代码。它可以比较所有字段的变化(除了那些用. ignoredirty类标记的字段)，也可以只比较当前可见的字段。它可以为Javascript添加的新字段重新初始化。因此，我保存的不是表单状态，而是每个控件的状态。

/* Dirty warning for forms */
dirty = (skipHiddenOrNullToInit) => {
    /*  will return True if there are changes in form(s)
        for first initialization you can use both: .dirty(null) or .dirty() (ignore its result)
            .dirty(null) will (re)initialize all controls - in addititon use it after Save if you stay on same page
            .dirty() will initialize new controls - in addititon use it if you add new fields with JavaScript
        then
            .dirty() (or: .dirty(false)) says if data are changed without regard to hidden fields
            .dirty(true) says if data are changed with regard to hidden fields (ie. fields with .d-none or .hidden class)
        controls with .ignoreDirty class will be skipped always
        previous about .d-none, .hidden, .ignoreDirty applies to the control itself and all its ancestors
    */
    let isDirty = false;
    let skipSelectors = '.ignoreDirty';
    if (skipHiddenOrNullToInit) {
        skipSelectors += ', .d-none, .hidden'
    } else if (skipHiddenOrNullToInit === undefined) {
        skipHiddenOrNullToInit = false;
    }
    $('input, select').each(
    function(_idx, el) {
        if ($(el).prop('type') !== 'hidden') {
            let dirtyInit = $(el).data('dirty-init');
            if (skipHiddenOrNullToInit === null || dirtyInit === undefined) {
                try {
                    isChromeAutofillEl = $(el).is(":-webkit-autofill");
                } catch (error) {
                    isChromeAutofillEl = false;
                }
                if (isChromeAutofillEl && $(el).data('dirty-init') === undefined) {
                    setTimeout(function() {  // otherwise problem with Chrome autofilled controls
                        $(el).data('dirty-init', $(el).val());
                    }, 200)
                } else {
                    $(el).data('dirty-init', $(el).val());
                }
            } else if ($(el).closest(skipSelectors).length === 0 && dirtyInit !== $(el).val()) {
                isDirty = true;
                return false; // breaks jQuery .each
            }
        }
    }
    );
    return isDirty;
}

我有额外的Chrome自动填充值的麻烦，因为它很难初始化和已经加载它们。所以我不初始化页面加载，但在任何focusin事件。(但是:也许JavaScript更改控件值仍然存在问题。)我使用下面的代码，我在页面加载调用:

let init_dirty = (ifStayFunc) => {
    /*  ifStayFunc: optional callback when user decides to stay on page
    use .clearDirty class to avoid warning on some button, however:
        if the button fires JavaScript do't use .clearDirty class and instead
            use directly dirty(null) in code - to be sure it will run before window.location */
    $('input, select').on('focusin', function(evt) {
        if (!$('body').data('dirty_initialized')) {
            dirty();
            $('body').data('dirty_initialized', true);
        }
    });
    window.addEventListener('beforeunload', (evt) => {
        if (dirty(true)) {
            if (ifStayFunc) {
                ifStayFunc();
            }
            evt.preventDefault();
            evt.returnValue = '';  // at least Google Chrome requires this
        }
    });
    $('.clearDirty').on('click', function(evt) {
        dirty(null);
    });
};

因此，我将. cleardirty类添加到提供Save的按钮中，这样就可以防止在这种情况下出现警告。 回调ifStayFunc允许我做一些事情，如果用户将停留在页面上，而他是警告。通常我可以显示额外的保存按钮(如果我仍然只看到一些默认/主按钮，这使得安全+SomethingMore -我想允许保存没有这个“SomethingMore”)。

增加@codecaster的想法 您可以将此添加到表单的每个页面(在我的情况下，我以全局方式使用它，因此只有在表单上才会有此警告)将其函数更改为

if ( formSubmitting || document.getElementsByTagName('form').length == 0) 

同时在表单提交上添加包括登录和取消按钮的链接，这样当人们按下取消或提交表单时，就不会在没有表单的每一页中触发警告…

<a class="btn btn-danger btn-md" href="back/url" onclick="setFormSubmitting()">Cancel</a>

您可以使用serialize()通过序列化表单值来创建URL编码的文本字符串，并检查表单在卸载前是否已更改

$(document).ready(function(){
    var form = $('#some-form'),
        original = form.serialize()

    form.submit(function(){
        window.onbeforeunload = null
    })

    window.onbeforeunload = function(){
        if (form.serialize() != original)
            return 'Are you sure you want to leave?'
    }
})

参考这个链接https://coderwall.com/p/gny70a/alert-when-leaving-page-with-unsaved-form 作者:弗拉基米尔·西多伦科