我如何写多行文件称为myconfig.conf使用BASH?
#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39";
distro="xyz";
echo <<< EOL
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2,
line 3, ${distro}
line 4
line ...
EOL >> /etc/myconfig.conf;
cat /etc/myconfig.conf;
我如何写多行文件称为myconfig.conf使用BASH?
#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39";
distro="xyz";
echo <<< EOL
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2,
line 3, ${distro}
line 4
line ...
EOL >> /etc/myconfig.conf;
cat /etc/myconfig.conf;
当前回答
下面的机制有助于重定向多行文件。在"下面保留完整的字符串,这样我们就可以重定向变量的值。
#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39"
echo "line 1, ${kernel}
line 2," > a.txt
echo 'line 2, ${kernel}
line 2,' > b.txt
.txt的内容为
line 1, 2.6.39
line 2,
b.txt的内容为
line 2, ${kernel}
line 2,
其他回答
#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39";
distro="xyz";
cat > /etc/myconfig.conf << EOL
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2,
line 3, ${distro}
line 4
line ...
EOL
这就是你想要的。
语法(<<<)和使用的命令(echo)错误。
正确的做法是:
#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39"
distro="xyz"
cat >/etc/myconfig.conf <<EOL
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2,
line 3, ${distro}
line 4 line
...
EOL
cat /etc/myconfig.conf
这个结构被称为Here Document,可以在Bash手册页的man -pager='less -p "\s*Here Documents"' Bash下找到。
这里的解决方案当然是最常见的方法。其他常见的解决方案有:
echo 'line 1, '"${kernel}"'
line 2,
line 3, '"${distro}"'
line 4' > /etc/myconfig.conf
and
exec 3>&1 # Save current stdout
exec > /etc/myconfig.conf
echo line 1, ${kernel}
echo line 2,
echo line 3, ${distro}
...
exec 1>&3 # Restore stdout
and
printf "%s\n" "line1, ${kernel}" "line2," "line3, $distro" ...
如果不希望替换变量,则需要用单引号将EOL括起来。
cat >/tmp/myconfig.conf <<'EOL'
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2,
line 3, ${distro}
line 4 line
...
EOL
前一个例子:
$ cat /tmp/myconfig.conf
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2,
line 3, ${distro}
line 4 line
...
下面的机制有助于重定向多行文件。在"下面保留完整的字符串,这样我们就可以重定向变量的值。
#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39"
echo "line 1, ${kernel}
line 2," > a.txt
echo 'line 2, ${kernel}
line 2,' > b.txt
.txt的内容为
line 1, 2.6.39
line 2,
b.txt的内容为
line 2, ${kernel}
line 2,