插入换行符:

sed '1i\\'

问题:标记一个文件，在文件的顶部，与父目录的基本名称。

例如,对

/mnt/Vancouver/Programming/file1

用Programming标记file1的顶部。

解决方案1——非空文件:

bn=${PWD##*/}    ## bn: basename

sed -i '1s/^/'"$bn"'\n/' <file>

1s将文本放在文件的第1行。

解决方案2——空文件或非空文件:

上面的sed命令在空文件上失败。下面是一个基于https://superuser.com/questions/246837/how-do-i-add-text-to-the-beginning-of-a-file-in-bash/246841#246841的解决方案

printf "${PWD##*/}\n" | cat - <file> > temp && mv -f temp <file>

注意，cat命令中的-是必需的(读取标准输入:有关更多信息，请参阅man cat)。在这里，我相信，它需要接受printf语句的输出(到STDIN)，并将其和文件cat到temp…请参见http://www.linfo.org/cat.html底部的解释。

我还在mv命令中添加了-f，以避免在覆盖文件时被要求确认。

递归遍历一个目录:

for file in *; do printf "${PWD##*/}\n" | cat - $file > temp && mv -f temp $file; done

还要注意，这将用空格分隔路径;有解决方案，在其他地方(例如文件通配符，或查找。-type f…-type解决方案)。

回复:我的最后一个评论，这个脚本将允许你递归在路径中有空格的目录:

#!/bin/bash

## https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4638874/how-to-loop-through-a-directory-recursively-to-delete-files-with-certain-extensi

## To allow spaces in filenames,
##   at the top of the script include: IFS=$'\n'; set -f
##   at the end of the script include: unset IFS; set +f

IFS=$'\n'; set -f

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# SET PATHS:

IN="/mnt/Vancouver/Programming/data/claws-test/corpus test/"

# https://superuser.com/questions/716001/how-can-i-get-files-with-numeric-names-using-ls-command

# FILES=$(find $IN -type f -regex ".*/[0-9]*")        ## recursive; numeric filenames only
FILES=$(find $IN -type f -regex ".*/[0-9 ]*")         ## recursive; numeric filenames only (may include spaces)

# echo '$FILES:'                                      ## single-quoted, (literally) prints: $FILES:
# echo "$FILES"                                       ## double-quoted, prints path/, filename (one per line)

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# MAIN LOOP:

for f in $FILES
do

  # Tag top of file with basename of current dir:
  printf "[top] Tag: ${PWD##*/}\n\n" | cat - $f > temp && mv -f temp $f

  # Tag bottom of file with basename of current dir:
  printf "\n[bottom] Tag: ${PWD##*/}\n" >> $f
done

unset IFS; set +f

我找到的最简单的解决方法是:

echo -n "<text to add>" | cat - myFile.txt | tee myFile.txt

注:

Remove | tee myFile.txt if you don't want to change the file contents. Remove the -n parameter if you want to append a full line. Add &> /dev/null to the end if you don't want to see the output (the generated file). This can be used to append a shebang to the file. Example: # make it executable (use u+x to allow only current user) chmod +x cropImage.ts # append the shebang echo '#''!'/usr/bin/env ts-node | cat - cropImage.ts | tee cropImage.ts &> /dev/null # execute it ./cropImage.ts myImage.png

有一个非常简单的方法:

echo "your header" > headerFile.txt
cat yourFile >> headerFile.txt

在文件顶部添加一行:

sed -i '1iText to add\'

Cat连接多个文件。<()将命令的输出作为文件发送。结合这两者，我们可以在文件的开头和结尾插入行，

cat <(echo "line before the file") file.txt <(echo "line after the file")