我们在工作中使用SVN，但在我的个人项目中，我决定使用Git。所以我昨天安装了Git，我想知道Git中对应的版本号是多少。
假设我们在3.0.8版本上工作，当我们讨论这个错误修复时，每个错误修复都有自己的修订号。那么，如果我在Git中将代码标记为3.0.8，那么我可以使用什么作为修订号或其他更详细的标识?我发现哈希对人类不太友好。
当前回答
我编写了一些PowerShell实用程序，用于从Git中检索版本信息并简化标记
函数:Get-LastVersion, Get-Revision, Get-NextMajorVersion, Get-NextMinorVersion, TagNextMajorVersion, TagNextMinorVersion:
# Returns the last version by analysing existing tags,
# assumes an initial tag is present, and
# assumes tags are named v{major}.{minor}.[{revision}]
#
function Get-LastVersion(){
$lastTagCommit = git rev-list --tags --max-count=1
$lastTag = git describe --tags $lastTagCommit
$tagPrefix = "v"
$versionString = $lastTag -replace "$tagPrefix", ""
Write-Host -NoNewline "last tagged commit "
Write-Host -NoNewline -ForegroundColor "yellow" $lastTag
Write-Host -NoNewline " revision "
Write-Host -ForegroundColor "yellow" "$lastTagCommit"
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Version")
$version = New-Object System.Version($versionString)
return $version;
}
# Returns current revision by counting the number of commits to HEAD
function Get-Revision(){
$lastTagCommit = git rev-list HEAD
$revs = git rev-list $lastTagCommit | Measure-Object -Line
return $revs.Lines
}
# Returns the next major version {major}.{minor}.{revision}
function Get-NextMajorVersion(){
$version = Get-LastVersion;
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Version")
[int] $major = $version.Major+1;
$rev = Get-Revision
$nextMajor = New-Object System.Version($major, 0, $rev);
return $nextMajor;
}
# Returns the next minor version {major}.{minor}.{revision}
function Get-NextMinorVersion(){
$version = Get-LastVersion;
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Version")
[int] $minor = $version.Minor+1;
$rev = Get-Revision
$next = New-Object System.Version($version.Major, $minor, $rev);
return $next;
}
# Creates a tag with the next minor version
function TagNextMinorVersion($tagMessage){
$version = Get-NextMinorVersion;
$tagName = "v{0}" -f "$version".Trim();
Write-Host -NoNewline "Tagging next minor version to ";
Write-Host -ForegroundColor DarkYellow "$tagName";
git tag -a $tagName -m $tagMessage
}
# Creates a tag with the next major version (minor version starts again at 0)
function TagNextMajorVersion($tagMessage){
$version = Get-NextMajorVersion;
$tagName = "v{0}" -f "$version".Trim();
Write-Host -NoNewline "Tagging next majo version to ";
Write-Host -ForegroundColor DarkYellow "$tagName";
git tag -a $tagName -m $tagMessage
}
其他回答
从Git手册中，标签是这个问题的一个很好的答案:
在Git中创建带注释的标记非常简单。最简单的方法就是 执行tag命令时指定-a: $ git的1.4版本
$ git tag
v0.1
v1.3
v1.4
查看2.6 Git基础知识-标记
我编写了一些PowerShell实用程序，用于从Git中检索版本信息并简化标记
函数:Get-LastVersion, Get-Revision, Get-NextMajorVersion, Get-NextMinorVersion, TagNextMajorVersion, TagNextMinorVersion:
# Returns the last version by analysing existing tags,
# assumes an initial tag is present, and
# assumes tags are named v{major}.{minor}.[{revision}]
#
function Get-LastVersion(){
$lastTagCommit = git rev-list --tags --max-count=1
$lastTag = git describe --tags $lastTagCommit
$tagPrefix = "v"
$versionString = $lastTag -replace "$tagPrefix", ""
Write-Host -NoNewline "last tagged commit "
Write-Host -NoNewline -ForegroundColor "yellow" $lastTag
Write-Host -NoNewline " revision "
Write-Host -ForegroundColor "yellow" "$lastTagCommit"
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Version")
$version = New-Object System.Version($versionString)
return $version;
}
# Returns current revision by counting the number of commits to HEAD
function Get-Revision(){
$lastTagCommit = git rev-list HEAD
$revs = git rev-list $lastTagCommit | Measure-Object -Line
return $revs.Lines
}
# Returns the next major version {major}.{minor}.{revision}
function Get-NextMajorVersion(){
$version = Get-LastVersion;
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Version")
[int] $major = $version.Major+1;
$rev = Get-Revision
$nextMajor = New-Object System.Version($major, 0, $rev);
return $nextMajor;
}
# Returns the next minor version {major}.{minor}.{revision}
function Get-NextMinorVersion(){
$version = Get-LastVersion;
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Version")
[int] $minor = $version.Minor+1;
$rev = Get-Revision
$next = New-Object System.Version($version.Major, $minor, $rev);
return $next;
}
# Creates a tag with the next minor version
function TagNextMinorVersion($tagMessage){
$version = Get-NextMinorVersion;
$tagName = "v{0}" -f "$version".Trim();
Write-Host -NoNewline "Tagging next minor version to ";
Write-Host -ForegroundColor DarkYellow "$tagName";
git tag -a $tagName -m $tagMessage
}
# Creates a tag with the next major version (minor version starts again at 0)
function TagNextMajorVersion($tagMessage){
$version = Get-NextMajorVersion;
$tagName = "v{0}" -f "$version".Trim();
Write-Host -NoNewline "Tagging next majo version to ";
Write-Host -ForegroundColor DarkYellow "$tagName";
git tag -a $tagName -m $tagMessage
}
考虑使用
git-rev-label
以master-c73-gabc6bec之类的格式给出有关Git存储库修订的信息。 可以填充模板字符串或文件与环境变量和信息从Git。 用于提供关于程序版本的信息:分支，标记，提交散列， 提交计数，脏状态，日期和时间。最有用的事情之一是计算 提交，不考虑合并的分支—只考虑第一个父分支。
对于有Ant构建流程的人，您可以通过以下目标在git上生成项目的版本号:
<target name="generate-version">
<exec executable="git" outputproperty="version.revisions">
<arg value="log"/>
<arg value="--oneline"/>
</exec>
<resourcecount property="version.revision" count="0" when="eq">
<tokens>
<concat>
<filterchain>
<tokenfilter>
<stringtokenizer delims="\r" />
</tokenfilter>
</filterchain>
<propertyresource name="version.revisions" />
</concat>
</tokens>
</resourcecount>
<echo>Revision : ${version.revision}</echo>
<exec executable="git" outputproperty="version.hash">
<arg value="rev-parse"/>
<arg value="--short"/>
<arg value="HEAD"/>
</exec>
<echo>Hash : ${version.hash}</echo>
<exec executable="git" outputproperty="version.branch">
<arg value="rev-parse"/>
<arg value="--abbrev-ref"/>
<arg value="HEAD"/>
</exec>
<echo>Branch : ${version.branch}</echo>
<exec executable="git" outputproperty="version.diff">
<arg value="diff"/>
</exec>
<condition property="version.dirty" value="" else="-dirty">
<equals arg1="${version.diff}" arg2=""/>
</condition>
<tstamp>
<format property="version.date" pattern="yyyy-mm-dd.HH:mm:ss" locale="en,US"/>
</tstamp>
<echo>Date : ${version.date}</echo>
<property name="version" value="${version.revision}.${version.hash}.${version.branch}${version.dirty}.${version.date}" />
<echo>Version : ${version}</echo>
<echo file="version.properties" append="false">version = ${version}</echo>
</target>
结果如下所示:
generate-version:
[echo] Generate version
[echo] Revision : 47
[echo] Hash : 2af0b99
[echo] Branch : master
[echo] Date : 2015-04-20.15:04:03
[echo] Version : 47.2af0b99.master-dirty.2015-04-20.15:04:03
当生成版本号时有文件未提交时，此处会出现脏标志。因为通常，当构建/打包应用程序时，每个代码修改都必须在存储库中。
git describe命令创建一个更容易读懂的名称，用于引用特定的提交。例如，从文档中:
和像少年犯一样的东西。git当前树，我得到: [torvalds@g5 git]$ git描述父 v1.0.4-14-g2414721 例如，我的“父”分支的当前头基于v1.0.4，但由于它在此之上有一些提交，describe在最后添加了额外提交的数量(“14”)和提交本身的缩写对象名称(“2414721”)。
只要您使用合理命名的标记标记特定的版本，就可以认为这大致相当于SVN的“修订号”。
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