我看到线程id的例子是这样的:

class myThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, threadID, name, counter):
        self.threadID = threadID
        ...

线程模块文档也列出了name属性:

...

A thread has a name. 
The name can be passed to the constructor, 
and read or changed through the name attribute.

...

Thread.name

A string used for identification purposes only. 
It has no semantics. Multiple threads may
be given the same name. The initial name is set by the constructor.

我在Python中创建了多个线程，打印了线程对象，并使用ident变量打印了id。我看到所有的id都一样

<Thread(Thread-1, stopped 140500807628544)>
<Thread(Thread-2, started 140500807628544)>
<Thread(Thread-3, started 140500807628544)>

您可以获得当前运行线程的标识。如果当前线程结束，该标识可以被其他线程重用。

当您创建Thread实例时，线程会隐式地给出一个名称，即模式:Thread-number

名字没有任何意义，名字也不必是唯一的。所有运行线程的标识都是唯一的。

import threading


def worker():
    print(threading.current_thread().name)
    print(threading.get_ident())


threading.Thread(target=worker).start()
threading.Thread(target=worker, name='foo').start()

函数threading.current_thread()返回当前运行的线程。该对象保存了线程的全部信息。

thread.get_ident()函数在Linux上返回一个长整数。它不是真正的线程id。

我使用这个方法来真正获得Linux上的线程id:

import ctypes
libc = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary('libc.so.6')

# System dependent, see e.g. /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/asm/unistd_64.h
SYS_gettid = 186

def getThreadId():
   """Returns OS thread id - Specific to Linux"""
   return libc.syscall(SYS_gettid)

类似于@brucexin，我需要获得操作系统级别的线程标识符(which != thread.get_ident())，并使用如下内容，不依赖于特定的数字，仅为amd64:

---- 8< ---- (xos.pyx)
"""module xos complements standard module os""" 

cdef extern from "<sys/syscall.h>":                                                             
    long syscall(long number, ...)                                                              
    const int SYS_gettid                                                                        

# gettid returns current OS thread identifier.                                                  
def gettid():                                                                                   
    return syscall(SYS_gettid)                                                                  

and

---- 8< ---- (test.py)
import pyximport; pyximport.install()
import xos

...

print 'my tid: %d' % xos.gettid()

这取决于Cython。

我看到线程id的例子是这样的:

class myThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, threadID, name, counter):
        self.threadID = threadID
        ...

线程模块文档也列出了name属性:

...

A thread has a name. 
The name can be passed to the constructor, 
and read or changed through the name attribute.

...

Thread.name

A string used for identification purposes only. 
It has no semantics. Multiple threads may
be given the same name. The initial name is set by the constructor.