有没有办法在SQL Server数据库的所有表中搜索字符串?
我想搜索字符串，比如john。结果应该显示包含john的表和它们各自的行。
当前回答
不需要嵌套循环(遍历表的外部循环和遍历所有表列的内部循环)。可以从INFORMATION_SCHEMA中检索所有(或任意选择/筛选的)表-列组合。COLUMNS和在一个循环中简单地遍历(搜索)所有它们:
DECLARE @search VARCHAR(100), @table SYSNAME, @column SYSNAME
DECLARE curTabCol CURSOR FOR
SELECT c.TABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + c.TABLE_NAME, c.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES t
ON t.TABLE_NAME=c.TABLE_NAME AND t.TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE' -- avoid views
WHERE c.DATA_TYPE IN ('varchar','nvarchar') -- searching only in these column types
--AND c.COLUMN_NAME IN ('NAME','DESCRIPTION') -- searching only in these column names
SET @search='john'
OPEN curTabCol
FETCH NEXT FROM curTabCol INTO @table, @column
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
EXECUTE('IF EXISTS
(SELECT * FROM ' + @table + ' WHERE ' + @column + ' = ''' + @search + ''')
PRINT ''' + @table + '.' + @column + '''')
FETCH NEXT FROM curTabCol INTO @table, @column
END
CLOSE curTabCol
DEALLOCATE curTabCol
其他回答
不要忽略@Brandon的精彩回答，但OP要求“结果应该显示表及其各自的行”。我基于来自@Brandon的原始答案创建了一个记录级解决方案，该解决方案还通过简单地将所有适当的列连接到一个字符串中来避免使用其他人在这里使用的游标。(我感觉这样做会更好，但我真的没有比较过结果-请随意这样做并在这里提供反馈。)
注意，我使用了STRING_AGG函数来连接列。如果你使用的是旧版本的SQL Server，你可能需要使用可以在网上找到的替代方法之一。
CREATE PROC [dbo].[SearchAllTablesByRecord]
(
@SearchStr NVARCHAR(100)
)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @TableName NVARCHAR(256), @SearchStr2 NVARCHAR(110)
DECLARE @ColumnList NVARCHAR(2048), @ColumnJoin NVARCHAR(2048)
SET @TableName = ''
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%','''')
WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SET @TableName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(
OBJECT_ID(
QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
), 'IsMSShipped'
) = 0
)
PRINT @TableName -- For progress monitoring
SET @ColumnList =
(
SELECT STRING_AGG(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME),',')
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
AND TABLE_NAME = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar')
)
SET @ColumnJoin = REPLACE(@ColumnList,',','+')
IF @ColumnList <> ''
EXEC
(
'SELECT ''' + @TableName + ''' AS [Table],' + @ColumnList + '
INTO #Results
FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
' WHERE ' + @ColumnJoin + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2 + '
IF @@ROWCOUNT > 0 SELECT * FROM #Results'
)
END
END
已经有很多可行的答案了。我只是想加上一个我想到的，有很多可选功能。
--=======================================================================
-- MSSQL Unified Search
-- Minimum compatibility level = 130 (SQL Server 2016)
-- NOTE: The minimum compatibility level is required by the built-in STRING_SPLIT() function.
-- However, you can create the STRING_SPLIT() function at the bottom of this script for
-- lower versions of MSSQL Server.
--
-- Usage:
-- Set the parameters below and execute this script.
--
/************************ Enter Parameters Here ************************/
/**/
/**/ DECLARE @SearchString VARCHAR(1000) = 'string to search for'; -- Accepts SQL wilcards
/**/
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeUserTables BIT = 1;
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeViews BIT = 0;
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeStoredProcedures BIT = 0;
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeFunctions BIT = 0;
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeTriggers BIT = 0;
/**/
/**/ DECLARE @DebugMode BIT = 0;
/**/ DECLARE @ExcludeColumnTypes NVARCHAR(500) = 'text, ntext, char, nchar, timestamp, bigint, tinyint, smallint, bit, date, time, smalldatetime, datetime, datetime2, real, money, float, decimal, binary, varbinary, image'; -- Comma delimited list
/**/
/***********************************************************************/
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET @SearchString = QUOTENAME(@SearchString,'''');
DECLARE @Results TABLE ([ObjectType] NVARCHAR(200), [ObjectName] NVARCHAR(200), [ColumnName] NVARCHAR(400), [Value] NVARCHAR(MAX), [SelectStatement] NVARCHAR(1000));
DECLARE @ExcludeColTypes TABLE (system_type_id INT);
INSERT INTO @ExcludeColTypes ([system_type_id])
SELECT [system_type_id]
FROM sys.types WHERE
[name] IN (
SELECT LTRIM(RTRIM([value])) FROM STRING_SPLIT(@ExcludeColumnTypes,',')
);
DECLARE @ObjectType NVARCHAR(200);
DECLARE @ObjectName NVARCHAR(200);
DECLARE @Value NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @SelectStatement NVARCHAR(1000);
DECLARE @Query NVARCHAR(4000);
/********************* Table Objects *********************/
IF (@IncludeUserTables = 1)
BEGIN
DECLARE @TableObjectId INT = (SELECT MIN([object_id]) FROM sys.tables);
DECLARE @ColumnId INT;
WHILE @TableObjectId IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @ObjectType = 'USER TABLE';
SELECT @ObjectName = '[' + SCHEMA_NAME([schema_id]) + '].[' + OBJECT_NAME(@TableObjectId) + ']' FROM sys.tables WHERE [object_id] = @TableObjectId;
SET @ColumnId = (SELECT MIN([column_id]) FROM sys.columns WHERE [system_type_id] NOT IN (SELECT [system_type_id] FROM @ExcludeColTypes) AND [object_id] = @TableObjectId);
WHILE @ColumnId IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @Value = '[' + [name] +']' FROM sys.columns WHERE [object_id] = @TableObjectId AND column_id = @ColumnId;
SET @SelectStatement = 'SELECT * FROM ' + @ObjectName + ' WHERE CAST(' + @Value + ' AS NVARCHAR(4000)) LIKE ' + @SearchString + ';';
SET @Query = 'SELECT '
+ QUOTENAME(@ObjectType, '''')
+ ', ' + QUOTENAME(@ObjectName, '''')
+ ', ' + QUOTENAME(@Value, '''')
+ ', ' + @Value
+ ', ''' + REPLACE(@SelectStatement,'''','''''') + ''''
+ ' FROM ' + @ObjectName
+ ' WHERE CAST(' + @Value + ' AS NVARCHAR(4000)) LIKE ' + @SearchString + ';';
IF @DebugMode = 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Results EXEC(@Query);
END;
ELSE
BEGIN
PRINT 'Select Statement: ' + @SelectStatement;
PRINT 'Query: ' + @Query;
END;
SET @ColumnId = (SELECT MIN([column_id]) FROM sys.columns WHERE [system_type_id] NOT IN (SELECT [system_type_id] FROM @ExcludeColTypes) AND [object_id] = @TableObjectId AND [column_id] > @ColumnId);
END;
SET @TableObjectId = (SELECT MIN([object_id]) FROM sys.tables WHERE [object_id] > @TableObjectId);
END;
END;
/********************* Objects Other than Tables *********************/
SET @Query = 'SELECT ' +
'ObjectType = CASE ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''V'' THEN ''VIEW'' ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''P'' THEN ''STORED PROCEDURE'' ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''FN'' THEN ''SCALAR-VALUED FUNCTION'' ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''IF'' THEN ''TABLE-VALUED FUNCTION'' ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''TR'' THEN ''TRIGGER'' ' +
'END ' +
',[ObjectName] = ''['' + SCHEMA_NAME(b.[schema_id]) + ''].['' + OBJECT_NAME(a.[object_id]) + '']'' ' +
',[ColumnName] = NULL ' +
',[Value] = a.[definition] ' +
',[SelectStatement] = ''SP_HELPTEXT '' + QUOTENAME(''['' + SCHEMA_NAME(b.[schema_id]) + ''].['' + OBJECT_NAME(a.[object_id]) + '']'','''''''') + '';'' ' +
'FROM [sys].[sql_modules] a ' +
'JOIN [sys].[objects] b ON a.[object_id] = b.[object_id] ' +
'WHERE ' +
'( ' +
' a.[definition] LIKE ' + @SearchString +
') ' +
'AND ' +
'( ' +
' ( ' +
CAST(@IncludeViews AS VARCHAR(1)) + ' = 1 ' +
' AND ' +
' b.[type] IN (''V'') ' +
' ) ' +
' OR ' +
' ( ' +
CAST(@IncludeStoredProcedures AS VARCHAR(1)) + ' = 1 ' +
' AND ' +
' b.[type] IN (''P'') ' +
' ) ' +
' OR ' +
' ( ' +
CAST(@IncludeFunctions AS VARCHAR(1)) + ' = 1 ' +
' AND ' +
' b.[type] IN (''FN'',''IF'') ' +
' ) ' +
' OR ' +
' ( ' +
CAST(@IncludeTriggers AS VARCHAR(1)) + ' = 1 ' +
' AND ' +
' b.[type] IN (''TR'') ' +
' ) ' +
'); ';
IF @DebugMode = 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Results EXEC(@Query);
END;
ELSE
BEGIN
PRINT 'Select Statement: ' + @SelectStatement;
PRINT 'Query: ' + @Query;
END;
IF @DebugMode = 0
BEGIN
SELECT
[ObjectType]
,[ObjectName]
,[ColumnName]
,[Value]
,[Count] = CASE
WHEN [ObjectType] IN ('USER TABLE') THEN COUNT(1)
ELSE NULL
END
,[SelectStatement]
FROM @Results
GROUP BY [ObjectType], [ObjectName], [ColumnName], [Value], [SelectStatement]
ORDER BY [Value];
END;
/********************** STRING_SPLIT() FUNCTION **********************
CREATE FUNCTION STRING_SPLIT (
@Expression nvarchar(4000)
,@Delimiter nvarchar(100)
)
RETURNS @Ret TABLE ([value] NVARCHAR(4000))
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @Start INT = 0, @End INT, @Length INT;
SELECT @End = CHARINDEX(@Delimiter,@Expression), @Length = @End - @Start;
IF @End <= 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Ret ([value]) VALUES (@Expression);
END
ELSE
BEGIN
WHILE @Length >= 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Ret ([value])
SELECT ltrim(rtrim(substring(@Expression,@Start,@Length)));
SELECT @Start = @End + LEN(@Delimiter)
SELECT @End = CHARINDEX(@Delimiter,@Expression,@Start)
IF @End < 1
SELECT @End = LEN(@Expression) + 1;
SELECT @Length = @End - @Start;
END;
END;
RETURN;
END;
*********************************************************************/
不需要嵌套循环(遍历表的外部循环和遍历所有表列的内部循环)。可以从INFORMATION_SCHEMA中检索所有(或任意选择/筛选的)表-列组合。COLUMNS和在一个循环中简单地遍历(搜索)所有它们:
DECLARE @search VARCHAR(100), @table SYSNAME, @column SYSNAME
DECLARE curTabCol CURSOR FOR
SELECT c.TABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + c.TABLE_NAME, c.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES t
ON t.TABLE_NAME=c.TABLE_NAME AND t.TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE' -- avoid views
WHERE c.DATA_TYPE IN ('varchar','nvarchar') -- searching only in these column types
--AND c.COLUMN_NAME IN ('NAME','DESCRIPTION') -- searching only in these column names
SET @search='john'
OPEN curTabCol
FETCH NEXT FROM curTabCol INTO @table, @column
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
EXECUTE('IF EXISTS
(SELECT * FROM ' + @table + ' WHERE ' + @column + ' = ''' + @search + ''')
PRINT ''' + @table + '.' + @column + '''')
FETCH NEXT FROM curTabCol INTO @table, @column
END
CLOSE curTabCol
DEALLOCATE curTabCol
有点晚了，但是您可以很容易地用这个查询找到一个字符串
DECLARE
@search_string VARCHAR(100),
@table_name SYSNAME,
@table_id INT,
@column_name SYSNAME,
@sql_string VARCHAR(2000)
SET @search_string = 'StringtoSearch'
DECLARE tables_cur CURSOR FOR SELECT ss.name +'.'+ so.name [name], object_id FROM sys.objects so INNER JOIN sys.schemas ss ON so.schema_id = ss.schema_id WHERE type = 'U'
OPEN tables_cur
FETCH NEXT FROM tables_cur INTO @table_name, @table_id
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
DECLARE columns_cur CURSOR FOR SELECT name FROM sys.columns WHERE object_id = @table_id
AND system_type_id IN (167, 175, 231, 239)
OPEN columns_cur
FETCH NEXT FROM columns_cur INTO @column_name
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
SET @sql_string = 'IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM ' + @table_name + ' WHERE [' + @column_name + ']
LIKE ''%' + @search_string + '%'') PRINT ''' + @table_name + ', ' + @column_name + ''''
EXECUTE(@sql_string)
FETCH NEXT FROM columns_cur INTO @column_name
END
CLOSE columns_cur
DEALLOCATE columns_cur
FETCH NEXT FROM tables_cur INTO @table_name, @table_id
END
CLOSE tables_cur
DEALLOCATE tables_cur
[CREATE PROC SearchAllTables ( @SearchStr nvarchar(100) ) AS
BEGIN
CREATE TABLE #Results (ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256),
@ColumnName nvarchar(128),
@SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
SET @TableName = ''
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%','''')
WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName = ''
SET @TableName = ( SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
AND OBJECTPROPERTY( OBJECT_ID( QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) ), 'IsMSShipped' ) = 0
)
WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName = ( SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
AND TABLE_NAME = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar')
AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName )
IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #Results
EXEC ( 'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630) FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' + ' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2 )
END
END
END
SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM #Results
END
EXEC SearchAllTables 'Computer'][1]
[1]: https://koukia.ca/search-for-a-string-in-all-tables-and-all-fields-of-a-database-with-tsql-b6f8a1bfda37
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