我使用这个版本，它是最小的，它工作得很好。

class SafeThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(SafeThread, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.exception = None

    def run(self) -> None:
        try:
            super(SafeThread, self).run()
        except Exception as ex:
            self.exception = ex
            traceback.print_exc()

    def join(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
        super(SafeThread, self).join(*args, **kwargs)
        if self.exception:
            raise self.exception

要使用它，只需替换线程。带安全线程的线程

t = SafeThread(target = some_function, args = (some, args,))
t.start()
# do something else here if you want as the thread runs in the background
t.join()

如果在线程中发生异常，最好的方法是在连接期间在调用线程中重新引发它。您可以使用sys.exc_info()函数获取当前正在处理的异常的信息。此信息可以简单地存储为线程对象的属性，直到调用join，此时可以重新引发它。

注意，队列。队列(在其他回答中建议)在这个简单的情况下是不必要的，因为线程最多抛出1个异常，并且在抛出一个异常后立即完成。我们通过简单地等待线程完成来避免竞争条件。

例如，扩展ExcThread(如下)，覆盖excRun(而不是run)。

Python 2. x:

import threading

class ExcThread(threading.Thread):
  def excRun(self):
    pass

  def run(self):
    self.exc = None
    try:
      # Possibly throws an exception
      self.excRun()
    except:
      import sys
      self.exc = sys.exc_info()
      # Save details of the exception thrown but don't rethrow,
      # just complete the function

  def join(self):
    threading.Thread.join(self)
    if self.exc:
      msg = "Thread '%s' threw an exception: %s" % (self.getName(), self.exc[1])
      new_exc = Exception(msg)
      raise new_exc.__class__, new_exc, self.exc[2]

Python 3. x:

在Python 3中，raise的参数形式为3，因此将最后一行更改为:

raise new_exc.with_traceback(self.exc[2])

虽然不可能直接捕获在不同线程中抛出的异常，但下面的代码可以相当透明地获取与此功能非常接近的内容。子线程必须继承ExThread类而不是线程。线程和父线程在等待线程完成任务时必须调用child_thread.join_with_exception()方法，而不是child_thread.join()方法。

此实现的技术细节:当子线程抛出异常时，它将通过Queue传递给父线程，并在父线程中再次抛出。注意，在这种方法中没有忙碌等待。

#!/usr/bin/env python

import sys
import threading
import Queue

class ExThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.__status_queue = Queue.Queue()

    def run_with_exception(self):
        """This method should be overriden."""
        raise NotImplementedError

    def run(self):
        """This method should NOT be overriden."""
        try:
            self.run_with_exception()
        except BaseException:
            self.__status_queue.put(sys.exc_info())
        self.__status_queue.put(None)

    def wait_for_exc_info(self):
        return self.__status_queue.get()

    def join_with_exception(self):
        ex_info = self.wait_for_exc_info()
        if ex_info is None:
            return
        else:
            raise ex_info[1]

class MyException(Exception):
    pass

class MyThread(ExThread):
    def __init__(self):
        ExThread.__init__(self)

    def run_with_exception(self):
        thread_name = threading.current_thread().name
        raise MyException("An error in thread '{}'.".format(thread_name))

def main():
    t = MyThread()
    t.start()
    try:
        t.join_with_exception()
    except MyException as ex:
        thread_name = threading.current_thread().name
        print "Caught a MyException in thread '{}': {}".format(thread_name, ex)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

问题是thread_obj.start()立即返回。您所生成的子线程在它自己的上下文中使用自己的堆栈执行。在那里发生的任何异常都在子线程的上下文中，并且在它自己的堆栈中。我现在能想到的一种将此信息传递给父线程的方法是使用某种消息传递，因此您可以研究一下。

试试这个尺寸:

import sys
import threading
import queue


class ExcThread(threading.Thread):

    def __init__(self, bucket):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.bucket = bucket

    def run(self):
        try:
            raise Exception('An error occured here.')
        except Exception:
            self.bucket.put(sys.exc_info())


def main():
    bucket = queue.Queue()
    thread_obj = ExcThread(bucket)
    thread_obj.start()

    while True:
        try:
            exc = bucket.get(block=False)
        except queue.Empty:
            pass
        else:
            exc_type, exc_obj, exc_trace = exc
            # deal with the exception
            print exc_type, exc_obj
            print exc_trace

        thread_obj.join(0.1)
        if thread_obj.isAlive():
            continue
        else:
            break


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

这是一个棘手的小问题，我想提出我的解决方案。我发现了一些其他的解决方案(异步。例如IO)看起来很有前途，但也呈现出一些黑盒子。队列/事件循环方法将您与某个实现联系在一起。然而，并发期货的源代码只有大约1000行，很容易理解。它让我很容易地解决了我的问题:创建临时的工作线程，而不需要太多的设置，并且能够在主线程中捕获异常。

我的解决方案使用并发期货API和线程API。它允许你创建一个worker，给你线程和未来。这样，你就可以加入线程来等待结果:

worker = Worker(test)
thread = worker.start()
thread.join()
print(worker.future.result())

.．.或者你可以让worker在完成时发送一个回调:

worker = Worker(test)
thread = worker.start(lambda x: print('callback', x))

.．.或者你可以循环直到事件完成:

worker = Worker(test)
thread = worker.start()

while True:
    print("waiting")
    if worker.future.done():
        exc = worker.future.exception()
        print('exception?', exc)
        result = worker.future.result()
        print('result', result)           
        break
    time.sleep(0.25)

代码如下:

from concurrent.futures import Future
import threading
import time

class Worker(object):
    def __init__(self, fn, args=()):
        self.future = Future()
        self._fn = fn
        self._args = args

    def start(self, cb=None):
        self._cb = cb
        self.future.set_running_or_notify_cancel()
        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.run, args=())
        thread.daemon = True #this will continue thread execution after the main thread runs out of code - you can still ctrl + c or kill the process
        thread.start()
        return thread

    def run(self):
        try:
            self.future.set_result(self._fn(*self._args))
        except BaseException as e:
            self.future.set_exception(e)

        if(self._cb):
            self._cb(self.future.result())

.．.和测试函数:

def test(*args):
    print('args are', args)
    time.sleep(2)
    raise Exception('foo')

类似于RickardSjogren的方法，没有Queue, sys等，但也没有一些信号监听器:直接执行一个异常处理程序，对应于一个异常块。

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import threading

class ExceptionThread(threading.Thread):

    def __init__(self, callback=None, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Redirect exceptions of thread to an exception handler.

        :param callback: function to handle occured exception
        :type callback: function(thread, exception)
        :param args: arguments for threading.Thread()
        :type args: tuple
        :param kwargs: keyword arguments for threading.Thread()
        :type kwargs: dict
        """
        self._callback = callback
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def run(self):
        try:
            if self._target:
                self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
        except BaseException as e:
            if self._callback is None:
                raise e
            else:
                self._callback(self, e)
        finally:
            # Avoid a refcycle if the thread is running a function with
            # an argument that has a member that points to the thread.
            del self._target, self._args, self._kwargs, self._callback

只有自我。_callback和run()中的except块是普通threading.Thread之外的。