下面的命令可以用来从docker postgress容器中获取dump

docker exec -t <postgres-container-name> pg_dump --no-owner -U <db-username> <db-name> > file-name-to-backup-to.sql

在Docker卷上使用文件系统级备份

示例Docker Compose

version: "3.9"

services:
  db:
    container_name: pg_container
    image: platerecognizer/parkpow-postgres
    # restart: always
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data/
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: admin
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: admin
      POSTGRES_DB: admin

volumes:
  postgres_data:

备份Postgresql卷

docker run --rm \
   --user root \
   --volumes-from pg_container \
   -v /tmp/db-bkp:/backup \
   ubuntu tar cvf /backup/db.tar /var/lib/postgresql/data

然后将/tmp/db-bkp拷贝到第二台主机

恢复Postgresql卷

docker run --rm \
   --user root \
   --volumes-from pg_container \
   -v /tmp/db-bkp:/backup \
   ubuntu bash -c "cd /var && tar xvf /backup/db.tar --strip 1"

我想为备份和恢复添加官方docker文档。这适用于卷中的所有类型的数据，而不仅仅是postegres。

Backup a container Create a new container named dbstore: $ docker run -v /dbdata --name dbstore ubuntu /bin/bash Then in the next command, we: Launch a new container and mount the volume from the dbstore container Mount a local host directory as /backup Pass a command that tars the contents of the dbdata volume to a backup.tar file inside our /backup directory. $ docker run --rm --volumes-from dbstore -v $(pwd):/backup ubuntu tar cvf /backup/backup.tar /dbdata When the command completes and the container stops, we are left with a backup of our dbdata volume. Restore container from backup With the backup just created, you can restore it to the same container, or another that you made elsewhere. For example, create a new container named dbstore2: $ docker run -v /dbdata --name dbstore2 ubuntu /bin/bash Then un-tar the backup file in the new container`s data volume: $ docker run --rm --volumes-from dbstore2 -v $(pwd):/backup ubuntu bash -c "cd /dbdata && tar xvf /backup/backup.tar --strip 1" You can use the techniques above to automate backup, migration and restore testing using your preferred tools.

上面那个答案对我没用。我一直得到这个错误:

psql: error: FATAL:  Peer authentication failed for user "postgres"

为了让它工作，我必须为docker容器指定一个用户:

备份

docker exec -t --user postgres your-db-container pg_dumpall -c -U postgres > dump_`date +%d-%m-%Y"_"%H_%M_%S`.sql

恢复

cat your_dump.sql | docker exec -i --user postgres your-db-container psql -U postgres

这是对我有用的命令。

cat your_dump.sql | sudo docker exec -i {docker-postgres-container} psql -U {user} -d {database_name}

例如

cat table_backup.sql | docker exec -i 03b366004090 psql -U postgres -d postgres

参考:GMartinez-Sisti在讨论中给出的解决方案。 https://gist.github.com/gilyes/525cc0f471aafae18c3857c27519fc4b

Dksnap (https://github.com/kelda/dksnap)自动运行pg_dumpall并通过/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d加载转储。

它向您显示正在运行的容器列表，您可以选择要备份的容器。生成的工件是一个常规的Docker映像，因此您可以Docker运行它，或者通过将它推送到Docker注册表来共享它。

(免责声明:我是项目的维护者)