我想为备份和恢复添加官方docker文档。这适用于卷中的所有类型的数据，而不仅仅是postegres。

Backup a container Create a new container named dbstore: $ docker run -v /dbdata --name dbstore ubuntu /bin/bash Then in the next command, we: Launch a new container and mount the volume from the dbstore container Mount a local host directory as /backup Pass a command that tars the contents of the dbdata volume to a backup.tar file inside our /backup directory. $ docker run --rm --volumes-from dbstore -v $(pwd):/backup ubuntu tar cvf /backup/backup.tar /dbdata When the command completes and the container stops, we are left with a backup of our dbdata volume. Restore container from backup With the backup just created, you can restore it to the same container, or another that you made elsewhere. For example, create a new container named dbstore2: $ docker run -v /dbdata --name dbstore2 ubuntu /bin/bash Then un-tar the backup file in the new container`s data volume: $ docker run --rm --volumes-from dbstore2 -v $(pwd):/backup ubuntu bash -c "cd /dbdata && tar xvf /backup/backup.tar --strip 1" You can use the techniques above to automate backup, migration and restore testing using your preferred tools.

上面那个答案对我没用。我一直得到这个错误:

psql: error: FATAL:  Peer authentication failed for user "postgres"

为了让它工作，我必须为docker容器指定一个用户:

备份

docker exec -t --user postgres your-db-container pg_dumpall -c -U postgres > dump_`date +%d-%m-%Y"_"%H_%M_%S`.sql

恢复

cat your_dump.sql | docker exec -i --user postgres your-db-container psql -U postgres

好吧，我想明白了。Postgresql在启动后不会检测对/var/lib/postgresql文件夹的更改，至少不会检测我想要它检测的那种更改。

第一种解决方案是使用bash启动容器，而不是直接启动postgres服务器，恢复数据，然后手动启动服务器。

第二个解决方案是使用数据容器。我以前不懂，现在懂了。 这个数据容器允许在启动postgres容器之前恢复数据。因此，当postgres服务器启动时，数据已经存在。

在Docker卷上使用文件系统级备份

示例Docker Compose

version: "3.9"

services:
  db:
    container_name: pg_container
    image: platerecognizer/parkpow-postgres
    # restart: always
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data/
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: admin
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: admin
      POSTGRES_DB: admin

volumes:
  postgres_data:

备份Postgresql卷

docker run --rm \
   --user root \
   --volumes-from pg_container \
   -v /tmp/db-bkp:/backup \
   ubuntu tar cvf /backup/db.tar /var/lib/postgresql/data

然后将/tmp/db-bkp拷贝到第二台主机

恢复Postgresql卷

docker run --rm \
   --user root \
   --volumes-from pg_container \
   -v /tmp/db-bkp:/backup \
   ubuntu bash -c "cd /var && tar xvf /backup/db.tar --strip 1"

猫db。Dump | docker exec…这种方法并不适用于我的转储(~2Gb)。它花了几个小时，最后出现内存不足的错误。

相反，我cp'ed dump到容器和pg_restore'ed它从内部。

假设容器id为CONTAINER_ID，数据库名称为DB_NAME:

# copy dump into container
docker cp local/path/to/db.dump CONTAINER_ID:/db.dump

# shell into container
docker exec -it CONTAINER_ID bash

# restore it from within
pg_restore -U postgres -d DB_NAME --no-owner -1 /db.dump

我想为备份和恢复添加官方docker文档。这适用于卷中的所有类型的数据，而不仅仅是postegres。

Backup a container Create a new container named dbstore: $ docker run -v /dbdata --name dbstore ubuntu /bin/bash Then in the next command, we: Launch a new container and mount the volume from the dbstore container Mount a local host directory as /backup Pass a command that tars the contents of the dbdata volume to a backup.tar file inside our /backup directory. $ docker run --rm --volumes-from dbstore -v $(pwd):/backup ubuntu tar cvf /backup/backup.tar /dbdata When the command completes and the container stops, we are left with a backup of our dbdata volume. Restore container from backup With the backup just created, you can restore it to the same container, or another that you made elsewhere. For example, create a new container named dbstore2: $ docker run -v /dbdata --name dbstore2 ubuntu /bin/bash Then un-tar the backup file in the new container`s data volume: $ docker run --rm --volumes-from dbstore2 -v $(pwd):/backup ubuntu bash -c "cd /dbdata && tar xvf /backup/backup.tar --strip 1" You can use the techniques above to automate backup, migration and restore testing using your preferred tools.