要从命令行本身创建可执行JAR，只需从项目路径运行以下命令：

mvn assembly:assembly

我比较了本文中提到的树插件。我生成了两个JAR文件和一个包含所有JAR文件的目录。我比较了结果，肯定maven shade插件是最好的。

我的挑战是我有多个需要合并的Spring资源，以及jax-rs和JDBC服务。与maven汇编插件相比，它们都被shade插件正确合并。在这种情况下，除非您将它们复制到自己的资源文件夹中并手动合并一次，否则Spring将失败。

两个插件都输出正确的依赖树。我有多个作用域，如测试、提供、编译等。两个插件都跳过了测试和提供。他们都生成了相同的清单，但我能够使用他们的转换器使用shade插件合并许可证。使用maven依赖插件当然不会有这些问题，因为JAR文件没有被提取。但正如其他人所指出的，您需要携带一个额外的文件才能正常工作。

以下是pom.xml文件的片段：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>copy-dependencies</id>
            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
                <includeScope>compile</includeScope>
                <excludeTransitive>true</excludeTransitive>
                <overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
                <overWriteSnapshots>false</overWriteSnapshots>
                <overWriteIfNewer>true</overWriteIfNewer>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.6</version>
    <configuration>
        <archive>
            <manifest>
                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                <mainClass>com.rbccm.itf.cdd.poller.landingzone.LandingZonePoller</mainClass>
            </manifest>
        </archive>
        <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
        </descriptorRefs>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>make-my-jar-with-dependencies</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.4.3</version>
    <configuration>
        <shadedArtifactAttached>false</shadedArtifactAttached>
        <keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope>false</keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope>
        <transformers>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                <resource>META-INF/services/javax.ws.rs.ext.Providers</resource>
            </transformer>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                <resource>META-INF/spring.factories</resource>
            </transformer>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
            </transformer>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
            </transformer>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                <resource>META-INF/spring.tooling</resource>
            </transformer>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer"/>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ApacheLicenseResourceTransformer">
            </transformer>
        </transformers>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <goals>
                <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

它的工作原理如下：

<plugin>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>unpack-dependencies</id>
            <phase>generate-resources</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>unpack-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

解包必须处于生成资源阶段，否则将不作为资源包含。

我想将我的Spring应用程序（使用Apereo Foundation的CAS客户端）迁移到Spring Boot 1.5。我遇到了很多问题，比如：

target/cas-client-web.jar中没有主清单属性

我试图创建一个具有所有依赖项的唯一JAR文件。在互联网上搜索后，我能够用以下几句话做到这一点：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <fork>true</fork>
        <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <goals>
                <goal>repackage</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

<plugin>
    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
    <configuration>
        <archive>
            <manifest>
                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
            </manifest>
        </archive>
        <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
        </descriptorRefs>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

开始上课是我的主要课程：

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <start-class>com.test.Application</start-class>
</properties>

我的申请是：

package com.test;

import java.util.Arrays;

import com.test.TestProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableConfigurationProperties({TestProperties.class})
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public CommandLineRunner commandLineRunner(ApplicationContext ctx) {
        return args -> {

            System.out.println("Let's inspect the beans provided by Spring Boot:");

            String[] beanNames = ctx.getBeanDefinitionNames();
            Arrays.sort(beanNames);
            for (String beanName : beanNames) {
                System.out.println(beanName);
            }
        };
    }

}

Use:

mvn clean install -U dependency:copy-dependencies

jar文件将在名为“target”的文件夹中生成，该文件夹与“src”文件夹位于同一根目录中。

为了解决这个问题，我们将使用Maven Assembly插件，该插件将JAR文件及其依赖JAR文件一起创建为单个可执行JAR文件。只需在pom.xml文件中添加以下插件配置。

<build>
   <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
               <archive>
                  <manifest>
                     <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                     <mainClass>com.your.package.MainClass</mainClass>
                  </manifest>
               </archive>
               <descriptorRefs>
                  <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
               </descriptorRefs>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
               <execution>
                  <id>make-my-jar-with-dependencies</id>
                  <phase>package</phase>
                  <goals>
                     <goal>single</goal>
                  </goals>
               </execution>
            </executions>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </pluginManagement>
</build>

完成此操作后，不要忘记使用以下命令运行Maven工具：

mvn clean compile assembly:single

Maven-将JAR文件及其依赖JAR文件一起创建为单个可执行JAR文件