You can find classes with any given annotation with ClassGraph, as well as searching for other criteria of interest, e.g. classes that implement a given interface. (Disclaimer, I am the author of ClassGraph.) ClassGraph can build an abstract representation of the entire class graph (all classes, annotations, methods, method parameters, and fields) in memory, for all classes on the classpath, or for classes in whitelisted packages, and you can query that class graph however you want. ClassGraph supports more classpath specification mechanisms and classloaders than any other scanner, and also works seamlessly with the new JPMS module system, so if you base your code on ClassGraph, your code will be maximally portable. See the API here.

使用org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider

API

从基本包扫描类路径的组件提供程序。然后，它对结果类应用排除和包括过滤器来查找候选类。

ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider scanner =
new ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider(<DO_YOU_WANT_TO_USE_DEFALT_FILTER>);

scanner.addIncludeFilter(new AnnotationTypeFilter(<TYPE_YOUR_ANNOTATION_HERE>.class));

for (BeanDefinition bd : scanner.findCandidateComponents(<TYPE_YOUR_BASE_PACKAGE_HERE>))
    System.out.println(bd.getBeanClassName());

如果你正在寻找一个替代反射，我想推荐Panda Utilities - AnnotationsScanner。这是一个基于反射库源代码的无Guava (Guava有~3MB, Panda Utilities有~200kb)扫描仪。

它还专门用于基于未来的搜索。如果你想扫描多次包含的源，或者甚至提供一个API，允许某人扫描当前的类路径，AnnotationsScannerProcess会缓存所有获取的类文件，所以它真的很快。

AnnotationsScanner使用的简单示例:

AnnotationsScanner scanner = AnnotationsScanner.createScanner()
        .includeSources(ExampleApplication.class)
        .build();

AnnotationsScannerProcess process = scanner.createWorker()
        .addDefaultProjectFilters("net.dzikoysk")
        .fetch();

Set<Class<?>> classes = process.createSelector()
        .selectTypesAnnotatedWith(AnnotationTest.class);

Classloader API没有“枚举”方法，因为类加载是一个“按需”活动——在类路径中通常有数千个类，其中只有一小部分是需要的(目前仅rt.jar就有48MB !)

因此，即使您可以枚举所有的类，这也会非常耗费时间和内存。

简单的方法是在设置文件(xml或任何适合你的文件)中列出相关的类;如果您希望自动执行此操作，请将自己限制在一个JAR或一个类目录中。

You can find classes with any given annotation with ClassGraph, as well as searching for other criteria of interest, e.g. classes that implement a given interface. (Disclaimer, I am the author of ClassGraph.) ClassGraph can build an abstract representation of the entire class graph (all classes, annotations, methods, method parameters, and fields) in memory, for all classes on the classpath, or for classes in whitelisted packages, and you can query that class graph however you want. ClassGraph supports more classpath specification mechanisms and classloaders than any other scanner, and also works seamlessly with the new JPMS module system, so if you base your code on ClassGraph, your code will be maximally portable. See the API here.

现在回答还来得及吗? 我想说，最好使用类库，如ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider或Scannotations

但即使有人想用classLoader来尝试一下，我也自己写了一些来打印包中类的注释:

public class ElementScanner {

public void scanElements(){
    try {
    //Get the package name from configuration file
    String packageName = readConfig();

    //Load the classLoader which loads this class.
    ClassLoader classLoader = getClass().getClassLoader();

    //Change the package structure to directory structure
    String packagePath  = packageName.replace('.', '/');
    URL urls = classLoader.getResource(packagePath);

    //Get all the class files in the specified URL Path.
    File folder = new File(urls.getPath());
    File[] classes = folder.listFiles();

    int size = classes.length;
    List<Class<?>> classList = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();

    for(int i=0;i<size;i++){
        int index = classes[i].getName().indexOf(".");
        String className = classes[i].getName().substring(0, index);
        String classNamePath = packageName+"."+className;
        Class<?> repoClass;
        repoClass = Class.forName(classNamePath);
        Annotation[] annotations = repoClass.getAnnotations();
        for(int j =0;j<annotations.length;j++){
            System.out.println("Annotation in class "+repoClass.getName()+ " is "+annotations[j].annotationType().getName());
        }
        classList.add(repoClass);
    }
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

/**
 * Unmarshall the configuration file
 * @return
 */
public String readConfig(){
    try{
        URL url = getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("WEB-INF/config.xml");
        JAXBContext jContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(RepositoryConfig.class);
         Unmarshaller um =  jContext.createUnmarshaller();
         RepositoryConfig rc = (RepositoryConfig) um.unmarshal(new File(url.getFile()));
         return rc.getRepository().getPackageName();
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    return null;

}
}

在配置文件中，放入包名并将其解编到一个类。