就像MusiGenesis说的那样，在大多数数据库中:

架构:数据库:表::平面图:房子:房间

但是，在Oracle中，它可能更容易想到:

架构:数据库:表::所有者:房子:房间

模式是数据库对象的集合，其中也包括逻辑结构。 它具有拥有它的用户的名称。 一个数据库可以有任意数量的Schema。 数据库中的一个表可以出现在两个同名的不同模式中。 用户可以查看已为其分配选择特权的任何模式。

As https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=30669

所有对象的名称在一定范围内必须是唯一的。每一个 数据库必须有唯一的名称;模式名称不能重复 在单个数据库的范围内，表的名称必须为 在单个模式的作用域中是唯一的，列名必须是 在表中是唯一的。类中索引的名称必须唯一 数据库。

我试着根据我对以下类比的理解来回答:

A database is like the house In the house there are several types of rooms. Assuming that you're living in a really big house. You really don't want your living rooms, bedrooms, bathrooms, mezzanines, treehouses, etc. to look the same. They each need a blueprint to tell how to build/use them. In other words, they each need a schema to tell how to build/use a bathroom, for example. Of course, you may have several bedrooms, each looks slightly different. You and your wife/husband's bedroom is slightly different from your kids' bedroom. Each bedroom is analogous to a table in your database. A DBMS is like a butler in the house. He manages literally everything.

来自PostgreSQL文档:

A database contains one or more named schemas, which in turn contain tables. Schemas also contain other kinds of named objects, including data types, functions, and operators. The same object name can be used in different schemas without conflict; for example, both schema1 and myschema can contain tables named mytable. Unlike databases, schemas are not rigidly separated: a user can access objects in any of the schemas in the database he is connected to, if he has privileges to do so. There are several reasons why one might want to use schemas: To allow many users to use one database without interfering with each other. To organize database objects into logical groups to make them more manageable. Third-party applications can be put into separate schemas so they do not collide with the names of other objects. Schemas are analogous to directories at the operating system level, except that schemas cannot be nested.

这篇文章只涉及到Oracle, Schema的定义在另一个DB上下文中会发生变化。

可能是那种让人受不了的事情，但供你参考的术语似乎在定义上有所不同，这是最烦人的事情:)

在Oracle中，数据库就是数据库。你可以把它想象成数据文件和重做日志，以及数据库本身在磁盘上的实际物理存在(即不是实例)。

Schema实际上就是一个用户。更具体地说，它是用户拥有的一组表/ pros /索引等。另一个用户有不同的模式(他/她拥有的表)，但是用户也可以看到他们有选择特权的任何模式。因此，一个数据库可以由数百个模式组成，每个模式由数百个表组成。您可以在同一数据库中的不同模式中拥有具有相同名称的表。

表是一个表，一组包含数据的行和列，并且包含在模式中。

例如，SQL Server中的定义可能不同。我不知道这件事。