在Windows下，您可以使用Windows管理规范(WMI)来确保没有带有指定命令行的应用程序被启动，例如:

Wmic进程where (name="nmake.exe") get commandline | findstr /i /c:"/f load. exe"Mak“/c:”/f build。编译已经开始了!> %ALREADY_STARTED & exit /b 1)

我喜欢WMIC和TASKLIST工具，但是在windows的家庭/基本版本中没有。另一种方法是在几乎所有windows机器上使用QPROCESS命令(对于那些有终端服务的机器-我认为只有XP没有SP2，所以几乎所有windows机器):

@echo off
:check_process
setlocal
if "%~1" equ "" echo pass the process name as forst argument && exit /b 1
:: first argument is the process you want to check if running
set process_to_check=%~1
:: QPROCESS can display only the first 12 symbols of the running process
:: If other tool is used the line bellow could be deleted
set process_to_check=%process_to_check:~0,12%

QPROCESS * | find /i "%process_to_check%" >nul 2>&1 && (
    echo process %process_to_check%  is running
) || (
    echo process %process_to_check%  is not running
)
endlocal

QPROCESS命令没有TASKLIST那么强大，只能显示12个进程名符号，但如果TASKLIST不可用，则应考虑使用QPROCESS命令。

更简单的用法，它使用进程名作为参数(在这种情况下，当你传递可执行名称时，.exe后缀是必选的):

@echo off
:check_process
setlocal
if "%~1" equ "" echo pass the process name as forst argument && exit /b 1
:: first argument is the process you want to check if running
:: .exe suffix is mandatory
set "process_to_check=%~1"


QPROCESS "%process_to_check%" >nul 2>&1 && (
    echo process %process_to_check%  is running
) || (
    echo process %process_to_check%  is not running
)
endlocal

QPROCESS的两种使用方式的区别是，QPROCESS *将列出所有进程，而QPROCESS some.exe将仅为当前用户过滤进程。

通过windows脚本主机exe而不是WMIC使用WMI对象也是一种选择。它还应该在每台windows机器上运行(不包括关闭WSH的机器，但这种情况很少见)。下面是一个通过WMI类列出所有进程的bat文件，可以用来代替上面脚本中的QPROCESS(它是jscript/bat的混合体，应该保存为.bat):

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* JSCRIPT COMMENT **


@echo off
cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0"
exit /b

************** end of JSCRIPT COMMENT **/


var winmgmts = GetObject("winmgmts:\\\\.\\root\\cimv2");
var colProcess = winmgmts.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_Process");
var processes =  new Enumerator(colProcess);
for (;!processes.atEnd();processes.moveNext()) {
    var process=processes.item();
    WScript.Echo( process.processID + "   " + process.Name );
}

以及检查进程是否正在运行的修改:

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* JSCRIPT COMMENT **


@echo off
if "%~1" equ "" echo pass the process name as forst argument && exit /b 1
:: first argument is the process you want to check if running
set process_to_check=%~1

cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" | find /i "%process_to_check%" >nul 2>&1 && (
    echo process %process_to_check%  is running
) || (
    echo process %process_to_check%  is not running
)

exit /b

************** end of JSCRIPT COMMENT **/


var winmgmts = GetObject("winmgmts:\\\\.\\root\\cimv2");
var colProcess = winmgmts.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_Process");
var processes =  new Enumerator(colProcess);
for (;!processes.atEnd();processes.moveNext()) {
    var process=processes.item();
    WScript.Echo( process.processID + "   " + process.Name );
}

这两个选项可以在没有TASKLIST的机器上使用。

最终的技术是使用MSHTA。这将运行在每一台windows机器从XP和以上，不依赖于windows脚本主机设置。调用MSHTA可能会降低一些性能(同样应该保存为bat):

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* JSCRIPT COMMENT **
@echo off

setlocal
if "%~1" equ "" echo pass the process name as forst argument && exit /b 1
:: first argument is the process you want to check if running

set process_to_check=%~1


mshta "about:<script language='javascript' src='file://%~dpnxf0'></script>" | find /i "%process_to_check%" >nul 2>&1 && (
    echo process %process_to_check%  is running
) || (
    echo process %process_to_check%  is not running
)
endlocal
exit /b
************** end of JSCRIPT COMMENT **/


   var fso= new ActiveXObject('Scripting.FileSystemObject').GetStandardStream(1);


   var winmgmts = GetObject("winmgmts:\\\\.\\root\\cimv2");
   var colProcess = winmgmts.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_Process");
   var processes =  new Enumerator(colProcess);
   for (;!processes.atEnd();processes.moveNext()) {
    var process=processes.item();
    fso.Write( process.processID + "   " + process.Name + "\n");
   }
   close();

我通常在cmd提示符下执行以下命令来检查我的program.exe是否正在运行:

tasklist | grep program

TASKLIST | FINDSTR ProgramName || START "" "Path\ProgramName.exe"

如果你有多个同名的。exe文件，你只想检查其中一个(例如，你关心的是C:\MyProject\bin\release\MyApplication.exe而不是C:\MyProject\bin\debug\MyApplication.exe)，那么你可以使用以下方法:

@echo off

set "workdir=C:\MyProject\bin\release"
set "workdir=%workdir:\=\\%"

setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
for /f "usebackq tokens=* delims=" %%a in (`
    wmic process  where 'CommandLine like "%%!workdir!%%" and not CommandLine like "%%RuntimeBroker%%"'   get CommandLine^,ProcessId  /format:value
`) do (
    for /f "tokens=* delims=" %%G in ("%%a")  do (
        if "%%G" neq "" (
rem            echo %%G
            set "%%G"
rem            echo !ProcessId!
            goto :TheApplicationIsRunning
        )
    )
) 

echo The application is not running
exit /B

:TheApplicationIsRunning
echo The application is running
exit /B

我不知道如何用内置CMD这样做，但如果你有grep，你可以尝试以下:

tasklist /FI "IMAGENAME eq myApp.exe" | grep myApp.exe
if ERRORLEVEL 1 echo "myApp is not running"