这里有一个处理目录和制作的可爱技巧。不要在每个命令上使用多行字符串或“cd;”，而是定义一个简单的chdir函数，如下所示:

CHDIR_SHELL := $(SHELL)
define chdir
   $(eval _D=$(firstword $(1) $(@D)))
   $(info $(MAKE): cd $(_D)) $(eval SHELL = cd $(_D); $(CHDIR_SHELL))
endef

然后你所要做的就是在你的规则中这样调用它:

all:
          $(call chdir,some_dir)
          echo "I'm now always in some_dir"
          gcc -Wall -o myTest myTest.c

你甚至可以这样做:

some_dir/myTest:
          $(call chdir)
          echo "I'm now always in some_dir"
          gcc -Wall -o myTest myTest.c

下面是我使用的模式:

.PHONY: test_py_utils
PY_UTILS_DIR = py_utils
test_py_utils:
    cd $(PY_UTILS_DIR) && black .
    cd $(PY_UTILS_DIR) && isort .
    cd $(PY_UTILS_DIR) && mypy .
    cd $(PY_UTILS_DIR) && pytest -sl .
    cd $(PY_UTILS_DIR) && flake8 .

我使用这种模式的动机是:

The above solution is simple and readable (albeit verbose) I read the classic paper "Recursive Make Considered Harmful", which discouraged me from using $(MAKE) -C some_dir all I didn't want to use just one line of code (punctuated by semicolons or &&) because it is less readable, and I fear that I will make a typo when editing the make recipe. I didn't want to use the .ONESHELL special target because: that is a global option that affects all recipes in the makefile using .ONESHELL causes all lines of the recipe to be executed even if one of the earlier lines has failed with a nonzero exit status. Workarounds like calling set -e are possible, but such workarounds would have to be implemented for every recipe in the makefile.

更改dir

foo: 
    $(MAKE) -C mydir

multi:
    $(MAKE) -C / -C my-custom-dir   ## Equivalent to /my-custom-dir

这里有一个处理目录和制作的可爱技巧。不要在每个命令上使用多行字符串或“cd;”，而是定义一个简单的chdir函数，如下所示:

CHDIR_SHELL := $(SHELL)
define chdir
   $(eval _D=$(firstword $(1) $(@D)))
   $(info $(MAKE): cd $(_D)) $(eval SHELL = cd $(_D); $(CHDIR_SHELL))
endef

然后你所要做的就是在你的规则中这样调用它:

all:
          $(call chdir,some_dir)
          echo "I'm now always in some_dir"
          gcc -Wall -o myTest myTest.c

你甚至可以这样做:

some_dir/myTest:
          $(call chdir)
          echo "I'm now always in some_dir"
          gcc -Wall -o myTest myTest.c

从GNU make 3.82(2010年7月)开始，你可以使用.ONESHELL特殊目标在shell的单个实例化中运行所有食谱(粗体强调我的):

新的特殊目标:. oneshell指示make调用shell的单个实例，并为其提供整个配方，而不管它包含多少行。

.ONESHELL: # Applies to every targets in the file!

all:
    cd ~/some_dir
    pwd # Prints ~/some_dir if cd succeeded

another_rule:
    cd ~/some_dir
    pwd # Prints ~/some_dir if cd succeeded

注意，这相当于手动运行

$(SHELL) $(.SHELLFLAGS) "cd ~/some_dir; pwd"
# Which gets replaced to this, most of the time:
/bin/sh -c "cd ~/some_dir; pwd"

命令没有&&链接，所以如果你想在第一个失败的命令上停下来，你还应该在你的.SHELLFLAGS中添加-e标志:

.SHELLFLAGS += -e

此外，-o pipefail标志可能也会感兴趣:

如果设置了该值，则管道的返回值为最后一个(最右边)以非零状态退出的命令的值，如果管道中的所有命令都成功退出，则为零。默认情况下，该选项是禁用的。

是这样的:

target:
    $(shell cd ....); \
    # ... commands execution in this directory
    # ... no need to go back (using "cd -" or so)
    # ... next target will be automatically in prev dir

好运！