目标:

使用HTTPS连接 验证SSL链 不处理仙人掌 在运行时添加证书 不从cacerts丢失证书

怎么做:

定义自己的密钥库 将证书放入密钥库 使用自定义类重新定义SSL默认上下文 ?？? 利润

我的Keystore包装文件:

public class CertificateManager {

    private final static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(CertificateManager.class);

    private String keyStoreLocation;
    private String keyStorePassword;
    private X509TrustManager myTrustManager;
    private static KeyStore myTrustStore;

    public CertificateManager(String keyStoreLocation, String keyStorePassword) throws Exception {
        this.keyStoreLocation = keyStoreLocation;
        this.keyStorePassword = keyStorePassword;
        myTrustStore = createKeyStore(keyStoreLocation, keyStorePassword);
    }

    public void addCustomCertificate(String certFileName, String certificateAlias)
            throws Exception {
        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        tmf.init((KeyStore) null);
        Certificate certificate = myTrustStore.getCertificate(certificateAlias);
        if (certificate == null) {
            logger.info("Certificate not exists");
            addCertificate(certFileName, certificateAlias);
        } else {
            logger.info("Certificate exists");
        }
        tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        tmf.init(myTrustStore);
        for (TrustManager tm : tmf.getTrustManagers()) {
            if (tm instanceof X509TrustManager) {
                setMytrustManager((X509TrustManager) tm);
                logger.info("Trust manager found");
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    private InputStream fullStream(String fname) throws IOException {
        ClassLoader classLoader = getClass().getClassLoader();
        InputStream resource = classLoader.getResourceAsStream(fname);
        try {
            if (resource != null) {
                DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(resource);
                byte[] bytes = new byte[dis.available()];
                dis.readFully(bytes);
                return new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
            } else {
                logger.info("resource not found");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("exception in certificate fetching as resource", e);
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static KeyStore createKeyStore(String keystore, String pass) throws Exception {
        try {
            InputStream in = CertificateManager.class.getClass().getResourceAsStream(keystore);
            KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
            keyStore.load(in, pass.toCharArray());
            logger.info("Keystore was created from resource file");
            return keyStore;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.info("Fail to create keystore from resource file");
        }

        File file = new File(keystore);
        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
        if (file.exists()) {
            keyStore.load(new FileInputStream(file), pass.toCharArray());
            logger.info("Default keystore loaded");
        } else {
            keyStore.load(null, null);
            keyStore.store(new FileOutputStream(file), pass.toCharArray());
            logger.info("New keystore created");
        }
        return keyStore;
    }

    private void addCertificate(String certFileName, String certificateAlias) throws CertificateException,
            IOException, KeyStoreException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
        InputStream certStream = fullStream(certFileName);
        Certificate certs = cf.generateCertificate(certStream);
        myTrustStore.setCertificateEntry(certificateAlias, certs);
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(getKeyStoreLocation());
        myTrustStore.store(out, getKeyStorePassword().toCharArray());
        out.close();
        logger.info("Certificate pushed");
    }

    public String getKeyStoreLocation() {
        return keyStoreLocation;
    }

    public String getKeyStorePassword() {
        return keyStorePassword;
    }
    public X509TrustManager getMytrustManager() {
        return myTrustManager;
    }
    public void setMytrustManager(X509TrustManager myTrustManager) {
        this.myTrustManager = myTrustManager;
    }
}

如果需要，该类将创建密钥存储库，并能够在其中管理证书。下面是SSL context的类:

public class CustomTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

    private final static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(CertificateManager.class);

    private static SSLSocketFactory socketFactory;
    private static CustomTrustManager instance = new CustomTrustManager();
    private static List<CertificateManager> register = new ArrayList<>();

    public static CustomTrustManager getInstance() {
        return instance;
    }

    private X509TrustManager defaultTm;

    public void register(CertificateManager certificateManager) {
        for(CertificateManager manager : register) {
            if(manager == certificateManager) {
                logger.info("Certificate manager already registered");
                return;
            }
        }
        register.add(certificateManager);
        logger.info("New Certificate manager registered");
    }

    private CustomTrustManager() {
        try {
            String algorithm = TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm();
            TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(algorithm);

            tmf.init((KeyStore) null);
            boolean found = false;
            for (TrustManager tm : tmf.getTrustManagers()) {
                if (tm instanceof X509TrustManager) {
                    defaultTm = (X509TrustManager) tm;
                    found = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if(found) {
                logger.info("Default trust manager found");
            } else {
                logger.warn("Default trust manager was not found");
            }

            SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{this}, null);
            SSLContext.setDefault(sslContext);
            socketFactory = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
            HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(socketFactory);


            logger.info("Custom trust manager was set");
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | KeyManagementException | KeyStoreException e) {
            logger.warn("Custom trust manager can't be set");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        List<X509Certificate> out = new ArrayList<>();
        if (defaultTm != null) {
            out.addAll(Arrays.asList(defaultTm.getAcceptedIssuers()));
        }
        int defaultCount = out.size();
        logger.info("Default trust manager contain " + defaultCount + " certficates");
        for(CertificateManager manager : register) {
            X509TrustManager customTrustManager = manager.getMytrustManager();
            X509Certificate[] issuers = customTrustManager.getAcceptedIssuers();
            out.addAll(Arrays.asList(issuers));
        }
        logger.info("Custom trust managers contain " + (out.size() - defaultCount) + " certficates");
        X509Certificate[] arrayOut = new X509Certificate[out.size()];
        return out.toArray(arrayOut);
    }

    @Override
    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                                   String authType) throws CertificateException {
        for(CertificateManager certificateManager : register) {
            X509TrustManager customTrustManager = certificateManager.getMytrustManager();
            try {
                customTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
                logger.info("Certificate chain (server) was aproved by custom trust manager");
                return;
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }
        }
        if (defaultTm != null) {
            defaultTm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
            logger.info("Certificate chain (server) was aproved by default trust manager");
        } else {
            logger.info("Certificate chain (server) was rejected");
            throw new CertificateException("Can't check server trusted certificate.");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                                   String authType) throws CertificateException {
        try {
            if (defaultTm != null) {
                defaultTm.checkClientTrusted(chain, authType);
                logger.info("Certificate chain (client) was aproved by default trust manager");
            } else {
                throw new NullPointerException();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            for(CertificateManager certificateManager : register) {
                X509TrustManager customTrustManager = certificateManager.getMytrustManager();
                try {
                    customTrustManager.checkClientTrusted(chain, authType);
                    logger.info("Certificate chain (client) was aproved by custom trust manager");
                    return;
                } catch (Exception e1) {
                }
            }
            logger.info("Certificate chain (client) was rejected");
            throw new CertificateException("Can't check client trusted certificate.");
        }
    }

    public SSLSocketFactory getSocketFactory() {
        return socketFactory;
    }
}

这个类被设置为单例，因为只允许一个defaultSSL上下文。现在来看用法:

            CertificateManager certificateManager = new CertificateManager("C:\\myapplication\\mykeystore.jks", "changeit");
            String certificatePath = "C:\\myapplication\\public_key_for_your_ssl_service.crt";
            try {
                certificateManager.addCustomCertificate(certificatePath, "alias_for_public_key_for_your_ssl_service");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("Can't add custom certificate");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            CustomTrustManager.getInstance().register(certificateManager);

可能，它将无法与此设置，因为我将证书文件保存在资源文件夹内，所以我的路径不是绝对的。但总的来说，它工作得很完美。

1. 检查证书

尝试在浏览器中加载目标URL并查看网站的证书(通常可以通过带有锁标志的图标访问)。它在浏览器地址栏的左边或右边)，无论它是否过期或由于其他原因不受信任。

2. 安装最新版本的JRE和JDK

新版本通常附带一组更新后的受信任证书。

如果可能的话，卸载旧版本。这将使错误配置错误显式地出现。

3.检查您的配置:

检查JAVA_HOME环境变量指向的位置。 检查您使用哪个java版本来运行程序。在IntelliJ中检查: 文件->项目结构…—>项目设置—>项目—>项目SDK: 文件->项目结构…—>平台设置—>个sdk

4. 从新的Java版本复制整个密钥存储库

如果您使用的JDK不是最新可用的JDK，请尝试将%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/security/cacerts文件替换为最新安装的jre中的新文件(先做备份)，正如@jeremy-goodell在他的回答中建议的那样

5. 向您的密钥存储库中添加证书

如果以上都不能解决您的问题，请使用keytool将证书保存到Java的密钥存储库:

keytool -trustcacerts -keystore "%JAVA_HOME%jre\lib\security\cacerts" -storepass changeit -importcert -alias <alias_name> -file <path_to_crt_file>

正如@MagGGG在他的回答中建议的那样，可以从浏览器中获得带有证书的文件。

注1:您可能需要对链中的每个证书重复此操作，直到站点的证书。从根根开始。

注意2:<alias_name>在存储中的键中应该是唯一的，否则keytool将显示错误。

要获取存储中所有证书的列表，您可以运行:

keytool -list -trustcacerts -keystore "%JAVA_HOME%jre\lib\security\cacerts" -storepass changeit

如果出现问题，这将帮助您从存储中删除证书:

keytool -delete -alias <alias_name> -keystore "%JAVA_HOME%jre\lib\security\cacerts" -storepass changeit

我的UI方法:

从这里下载密钥库资源管理器 打开$ JAVA_HOME / jre / lib /安全/除 输入PW: changeit(可以在Mac上changeme) 导入.crt文件

CMD-Line:

Keytool -importcert -file jetty。crt -alias jetty -keystore $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/cacerts . crt -alias jetty -keystore $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/cacerts . crt 输入PW: changeit(可以在Mac上changeme)

在我的案例中，我从Android Studio终端运行以下命令解决了这个问题

。/ gradlew组装

从那以后，项目顺利运行。

解决这个异常的简单步骤，(我在java 11上做的)，

First you need to Download the public SSL certificate file of the target domain that you are trying to call,for that Open the target domain website in the chrome (Example: https://amazonservice.domain.com) Click on the small lock icon before the URL in the browser Click View certificates Now Click on Certificate is valid as shown below Now a new Popup will open as shown below, Open the details tab Select the RootCert at the top Click Export and save the .cer file to your system in a directory

现在您有了目标域的公共密钥存储库，您正在尝试在java应用程序中调用该密钥存储库，现在我们需要将该密钥存储库导入您的jre，为此转到$JAVA_HOME/bin目录并运行以下命令

./keytool -importcert -alias someAliasName -keystore {JAVA_HOME}/lib/security/cacerts -file {PathToDownloads}/certificateFileName.cer

它会要求您输入密码，如果您知道，请输入密码，证书的默认密码是changeit

参考文献

https://confluence.atlassian.com/kb/how-to-import-a-public-ssl-certificate-into-a-jvm-867025849.html https://confluence.atlassian.com/kb/unable-to-connect-to-ssl-services-due-to-pkix-path-building-failed-error-779355358.html

我偶然发现了这个问题，花了很多时间研究来解决，特别是自动生成的证书，与官方证书不同，它非常棘手，Java不太喜欢它们。

请检查以下链接:用Java解决证书问题

基本上，您必须将服务器上的证书添加到Java Home certs中。

Generate or Get your certificate and configure Tomcat to use it in Servers.xml Download the Java source code of the class InstallCert and execute it while the server is running, providing the following arguments server[:port]. No password is needed, as the original password works for the Java certs ("changeit"). The Program will connect to the server and Java will throw an exception, it will analyze the certificate provided by the server and allow you to create a jssecerts file inside the directory where you executed the Program (If executed from Eclipse then make sure you configure the Work directory in Run -> Configurations). Manually copy that file to $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security

遵循这些步骤之后，与证书的连接将不再在Java中生成异常。

下面的源代码很重要，它从(Sun) Oracle博客中消失了，我发现它的唯一页面是在提供的链接上，因此我将它附加在答案中以供参考。

/*
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/**
 * Originally from:
 * http://blogs.sun.com/andreas/resource/InstallCert.java
 * Use:
 * java InstallCert hostname
 * Example:
 *% java InstallCert ecc.fedora.redhat.com
 */

import javax.net.ssl.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

/**
 * Class used to add the server's certificate to the KeyStore
 * with your trusted certificates.
 */
public class InstallCert {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String host;
        int port;
        char[] passphrase;
        if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
            String[] c = args[0].split(":");
            host = c[0];
            port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
            String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
            passphrase = p.toCharArray();
        } else {
            System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert [:port] [passphrase]");
            return;
        }

        File file = new File("jssecacerts");
        if (file.isFile() == false) {
            char SEP = File.separatorChar;
            File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP
                    + "lib" + SEP + "security");
            file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
            if (file.isFile() == false) {
                file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
        ks.load(in, passphrase);
        in.close();

        SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        TrustManagerFactory tmf =
                TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        tmf.init(ks);
        X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf.getTrustManagers()[0];
        SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
        context.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
        SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();

        System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
        SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
        socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
        try {
            System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
            socket.startHandshake();
            socket.close();
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
        } catch (SSLException e) {
            System.out.println();
            e.printStackTrace(System.out);
        }

        X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
        if (chain == null) {
            System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
            return;
        }

        BufferedReader reader =
                new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
        System.out.println();
        MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
        MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
            X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
            System.out.println
                    (" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN());
            System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
            sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
            System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
            md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
            System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
            System.out.println();
        }

        System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
        String line = reader.readLine().trim();
        int k;
        try {
            k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
            return;
        }

        X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
        String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
        ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);

        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
        ks.store(out, passphrase);
        out.close();

        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(cert);
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println
                ("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
                        + alias + "'");
    }

    private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
        for (int b : bytes) {
            b &= 0xff;
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
            sb.append(' ');
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

        private final X509TrustManager tm;
        private X509Certificate[] chain;

        SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
            this.tm = tm;
        }

        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }

        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
                throws CertificateException {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }

        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
                throws CertificateException {
            this.chain = chain;
            tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
        }
    }
}