唯一的方法，你应该得到值“出”一个可观察对象/主题是与订阅!

如果你在使用getValue()你在做一些声明式的命令。它是一个逃生口，但是99.9%的情况下你不应该使用getValue()。getValue()会做一些有趣的事情:如果主题已经取消订阅，它会抛出一个错误，如果主题已经死亡，它会阻止你获得一个值，因为它是错误的，等等。但是，再一次地，它是在罕见情况下的一个逃生口。

有几种方法可以以“Rx-y”方式从Subject或Observable中获取最新的值:

Using BehaviorSubject: But actually subscribing to it. When you first subscribe to BehaviorSubject it will synchronously send the previous value it received or was initialized with. Using a ReplaySubject(N): This will cache N values and replay them to new subscribers. A.withLatestFrom(B): Use this operator to get the most recent value from observable B when observable A emits. Will give you both values in an array [a, b]. A.combineLatest(B): Use this operator to get the most recent values from A and B every time either A or B emits. Will give you both values in an array. shareReplay(): Makes an Observable multicast through a ReplaySubject, but allows you to retry the observable on error. (Basically it gives you that promise-y caching behavior). publishReplay(), publishBehavior(initialValue), multicast(subject: BehaviorSubject | ReplaySubject), etc: Other operators that leverage BehaviorSubject and ReplaySubject. Different flavors of the same thing, they basically multicast the source observable by funneling all notifications through a subject. You need to call connect() to subscribe to the source with the subject.

const observable = of('response')

function hasValue(value: any) {
  return value !== null && value !== undefined;
}

function getValue<T>(observable: Observable<T>): Promise<T> {
  return observable
    .pipe(
      filter(hasValue),
      first()
    )
    .toPromise();
}

const result = await getValue(observable)
// Do the logic with the result
// .................
// .................
// .................

您可以从这里查看关于如何实现它的完整文章。 https://www.imkrish.com/blog/development/simple-way-get-value-from-observable

虽然这听起来有点夸张，但这只是另一个“可能”的解决方案，可以保持Observable类型并减少样板文件……

你总是可以创建一个扩展getter来获取Observable的当前值。

要做到这一点，你需要在global.d.t types声明文件中扩展Observable<T>接口。然后在observable.extension.ts文件中实现扩展getter，最后将类型和扩展文件都包含到应用程序中。

你可以参考这个StackOverflow的答案来了解如何将这些扩展包含到你的Angular应用中。

// global.d.ts
declare module 'rxjs' {
  interface Observable<T> {
    /**
     * _Extension Method_ - Returns current value of an Observable.
     * Value is retrieved using _first()_ operator to avoid the need to unsubscribe.
     */
    value: Observable<T>;
  }
}

// observable.extension.ts
Object.defineProperty(Observable.prototype, 'value', {
  get <T>(this: Observable<T>): Observable<T> {
    return this.pipe(
      filter(value => value !== null && value !== undefined),
      first());
  },
});

// using the extension getter example
this.myObservable$.value
  .subscribe(value => {
    // whatever code you need...
  });

可以创建订阅，然后在获取第一个发出的项之后销毁订阅。在下面的例子中，pipe()是一个函数，它使用一个可观察对象作为输入，并返回另一个可观察对象作为输出，同时不修改第一个可观察对象。

用Angular 8.1.0包"rxjs": "6.5.3"， "rxjs-observable": "0.0.7"创建的示例

  ngOnInit() {

    ...

    // If loading with previously saved value
    if (this.controlValue) {

      // Take says once you have 1, then close the subscription
      this.selectList.pipe(take(1)).subscribe(x => {
        let opt = x.find(y => y.value === this.controlValue);
        this.updateValue(opt);
      });

    }
  }

我在子组件中遇到了同样的问题，最初它必须拥有Subject的当前值，然后订阅Subject以侦听更改。我只是在服务中维护当前值，以便组件可以访问它，例如:

import {Storage} from './storage';
import {Injectable} from 'angular2/core';
import {Subject}    from 'rxjs/Subject';

@Injectable()
export class SessionStorage extends Storage {

  isLoggedIn: boolean;

  private _isLoggedInSource = new Subject<boolean>();
  isLoggedIn = this._isLoggedInSource.asObservable();
  constructor() {
    super('session');
    this.currIsLoggedIn = false;
  }
  setIsLoggedIn(value: boolean) {
    this.setItem('_isLoggedIn', value, () => {
      this._isLoggedInSource.next(value);
    });
    this.isLoggedIn = value;
  }
}

需要当前值的组件可以直接从服务中访问它，即:

sessionStorage.isLoggedIn

不确定这是否是正确的做法:)

唯一的方法，你应该得到值“出”一个可观察对象/主题是与订阅!

如果你在使用getValue()你在做一些声明式的命令。它是一个逃生口，但是99.9%的情况下你不应该使用getValue()。getValue()会做一些有趣的事情:如果主题已经取消订阅，它会抛出一个错误，如果主题已经死亡，它会阻止你获得一个值，因为它是错误的，等等。但是，再一次地，它是在罕见情况下的一个逃生口。

有几种方法可以以“Rx-y”方式从Subject或Observable中获取最新的值:

Using BehaviorSubject: But actually subscribing to it. When you first subscribe to BehaviorSubject it will synchronously send the previous value it received or was initialized with. Using a ReplaySubject(N): This will cache N values and replay them to new subscribers. A.withLatestFrom(B): Use this operator to get the most recent value from observable B when observable A emits. Will give you both values in an array [a, b]. A.combineLatest(B): Use this operator to get the most recent values from A and B every time either A or B emits. Will give you both values in an array. shareReplay(): Makes an Observable multicast through a ReplaySubject, but allows you to retry the observable on error. (Basically it gives you that promise-y caching behavior). publishReplay(), publishBehavior(initialValue), multicast(subject: BehaviorSubject | ReplaySubject), etc: Other operators that leverage BehaviorSubject and ReplaySubject. Different flavors of the same thing, they basically multicast the source observable by funneling all notifications through a subject. You need to call connect() to subscribe to the source with the subject.