在PHP数组和对象中，==和===之间有两个没有人提到的区别:两个具有不同键排序的数组和对象。

两个具有不同键排序的数组

如果你有两个数组，它们的键排序不同，但有相同的键值映射，它们是严格不同的(即使用===)。这可能会导致问题，如果你对一个数组进行键排序，并试图将排序后的数组与原始数组进行比较。

例如:

$arrayUnsorted = [
    "you" => "you",
    "I" => "we",
];

$arraySorted = $arrayUnsorted;
ksort($arraySorted);

$arrayUnsorted == $arraySorted; // true
$arrayUnsorted === $arraySorted; // false

对象

请记住，主要规则是两个不同的对象永远不会严格相等。请看下面的例子:

$stdClass1 = new stdClass();
$stdClass2 = new stdClass();
$clonedStdClass1 = clone $stdClass1;

$stdClass1 == $stdClass2; // true
$stdClass1 === $stdClass2; // false
$stdClass1 == $clonedStdClass1; // true
$stdClass1 === $clonedStdClass1; // false

注意:将一个对象赋值给另一个变量并不会创建一个副本——相反，它创建了对同一对象的引用。在这里看到的。

注意:从PHP7开始，引入了匿名类。在上面的测试中，新类{}和新stdClass()之间没有区别。

关于对象比较的其他答案的补充:

==使用对象的名称和它们的值来比较对象。如果两个对象具有相同的类型并且具有相同的成员值，$a == $b的结果为true。

===比较对象的内部对象id。即使成员是相等的，如果它们不是完全相同的对象，$a !== $b。

class TestClassA {
    public $a;
}

class TestClassB {
    public $a;
}

$a1 = new TestClassA();
$a2 = new TestClassA();
$b = new TestClassB();

$a1->a = 10;
$a2->a = 10;
$b->a = 10;

$a1 == $a1;
$a1 == $a2;  // Same members
$a1 != $b;   // Different classes

$a1 === $a1;
$a1 !== $a2; // Not the same object

<?php

    /**
     * Comparison of two PHP objects                         ==     ===
     * Checks for
     * 1. References                                         yes    yes
     * 2. Instances with matching attributes and its values  yes    no
     * 3. Instances with different attributes                yes    no
     **/

    // There is no need to worry about comparing visibility of property or
    // method, because it will be the same whenever an object instance is
    // created, however visibility of an object can be modified during run
    // time using ReflectionClass()
    // http://php.net/manual/en/reflectionproperty.setaccessible.php
    //
    class Foo
    {
        public $foobar = 1;

        public function createNewProperty($name, $value)
        {
            $this->{$name} = $value;
        }
    }

    class Bar
    {
    }
    // 1. Object handles or references
    // Is an object a reference to itself or a clone or totally a different object?
    //
    //   ==  true   Name of two objects are same, for example, Foo() and Foo()
    //   ==  false  Name of two objects are different, for example, Foo() and Bar()
    //   === true   ID of two objects are same, for example, 1 and 1
    //   === false  ID of two objects are different, for example, 1 and 2

    echo "1. Object handles or references (both == and    ===) <br />";

    $bar = new Foo();    // New object Foo() created
    $bar2 = new Foo();   // New object Foo() created
    $baz = clone $bar;   // Object Foo() cloned
    $qux = $bar;         // Object Foo() referenced
    $norf = new Bar();   // New object Bar() created
    echo "bar";
    var_dump($bar);
    echo "baz";
    var_dump($baz);
    echo "qux";
    var_dump($qux);
    echo "bar2";
    var_dump($bar2);
    echo "norf";
    var_dump($norf);

    // Clone: == true and === false
    echo '$bar == $bar2';
    var_dump($bar == $bar2); // true

    echo '$bar === $bar2';
    var_dump($bar === $bar2); // false

    echo '$bar == $baz';
    var_dump($bar == $baz); // true

    echo '$bar === $baz';
    var_dump($bar === $baz); // false

    // Object reference: == true and === true
    echo '$bar == $qux';
    var_dump($bar == $qux); // true

    echo '$bar === $qux';
    var_dump($bar === $qux); // true

    // Two different objects: == false and === false
    echo '$bar == $norf';
    var_dump($bar == $norf); // false

    echo '$bar === $norf';
    var_dump($bar === $norf); // false

    // 2. Instances with matching attributes and its values (only ==).
    //    What happens when objects (even in cloned object) have same
    //    attributes but varying values?

    // $foobar value is different
    echo "2. Instances with matching attributes  and its values (only ==) <br />";

    $baz->foobar = 2;
    echo '$foobar' . " value is different <br />";
    echo '$bar->foobar = ' . $bar->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$baz->foobar = ' . $baz->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar == $baz';
    var_dump($bar == $baz); // false

    // $foobar's value is the same again
    $baz->foobar = 1;
    echo '$foobar' . " value is the same again <br />";
    echo '$bar->foobar is ' . $bar->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$baz->foobar is ' . $baz->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar == $baz';
    var_dump($bar == $baz); // true

    // Changing values of properties in $qux object will change the property
    // value of $bar and evaluates true always, because $qux = &$bar.
    $qux->foobar = 2;
    echo '$foobar value of both $qux and $bar is 2, because $qux = &$bar' . "<br />";
    echo '$qux->foobar is ' . $qux->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar->foobar is ' . $bar->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar == $qux';
    var_dump($bar == $qux); // true

    // 3. Instances with different attributes (only ==)
    //    What happens when objects have different attributes even though
    //    one of the attributes has same value?
    echo "3. Instances with different attributes (only ==) <br />";

    // Dynamically create a property with the name in $name and value
    // in $value for baz object
    $name = 'newproperty';
    $value = null;
    $baz->createNewProperty($name, $value);
    echo '$baz->newproperty is ' . $baz->{$name};
    var_dump($baz);

    $baz->foobar = 2;
    echo '$foobar' . " value is same again <br />";
    echo '$bar->foobar is ' . $bar->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$baz->foobar is ' . $baz->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar == $baz';
    var_dump($bar == $baz); // false
    var_dump($bar);
    var_dump($baz);
?>

关于JavaScript:

===操作符的工作原理与==操作符相同，但它要求其操作数不仅具有相同的值，而且具有相同的数据类型。

例如，下面的示例将显示'x和y是相等的'，而不是'x和y是相同的'。

var x = 4;
var y = '4';
if (x == y) {
    alert('x and y are equal');
}
if (x === y) {
    alert('x and y are identical');
}

==(相等)和===(完全相等)之间的差值

PHP提供了两个比较运算符来检查两个值是否相等。这两者之间的主要区别是'=='检查两个操作数的值是否相等。另一方面，'==='检查操作数的值以及操作数的类型是否相等。

= =(等于) ===(完全相等)

示例= >

<?php 
    $val1 = 1234;
    $val2 = "1234";
    var_dump($val1 == $val2);// output => bool(true)
    //It checks only operands value
?> 


<?php 
    $val1 = 1234;
    $val2 = "1234";
    var_dump($val1 === $val2);// output => bool(false)
    //First it checks type then operands value
?> 

如果将$val2转换为(int)$val2或(string)$val1，则返回true

   <?php 
        $val1 = 1234;
        $val2 = "1234";
        var_dump($val1 === (int)$val2);// output => bool(true)
        //First it checks type then operands value
    ?> 

OR

  <?php 
        $val1 = 1234;
        $val2 = "1234";
        var_dump($val1 === (int)$val2);// output => bool(true)
        //First it checks type then operands value
    ?> 

变量有类型和值。

$var = "test"是一个包含"test"的字符串 $var2 = 24是一个整数，其值为24。

当您使用这些变量(在PHP中)时，有时您没有好的类型。 例如，如果你这样做

if ($var == 1) {... do something ...}

PHP必须将$var转换为整数。在本例中，"$var == 1"为真，因为任何非空字符串都被转换为1。

当使用===时，检查值和类型是否相等，因此"$var === 1"为假。

这很有用，例如，当你有一个函数可以返回false(错误)和0(结果):

if(myFunction() == false) { ... error on myFunction ... }

这段代码是错误的，如果myFunction()返回0，它被强制转换为false，你似乎有一个错误。正确的代码是:

if(myFunction() === false) { ... error on myFunction ... }

因为测试的是返回值“是一个布尔值并且为假”，而不是“可以被强制转换为假”。