您可以使用===来测试函数或变量是否为假，而不仅仅是等于假(零或空字符串)。

$needle = 'a';
$haystack = 'abc';
$pos = strpos($haystack, $needle);
if ($pos === false) {
    echo $needle . ' was not found in ' . $haystack;
} else {
    echo $needle . ' was found in ' . $haystack . ' at location ' . $pos;
}

在这种情况下，strpos将返回0，这在测试中等同于false

if ($pos == false)

or

if (!$pos)

这不是你想要的。

<?php

    /**
     * Comparison of two PHP objects                         ==     ===
     * Checks for
     * 1. References                                         yes    yes
     * 2. Instances with matching attributes and its values  yes    no
     * 3. Instances with different attributes                yes    no
     **/

    // There is no need to worry about comparing visibility of property or
    // method, because it will be the same whenever an object instance is
    // created, however visibility of an object can be modified during run
    // time using ReflectionClass()
    // http://php.net/manual/en/reflectionproperty.setaccessible.php
    //
    class Foo
    {
        public $foobar = 1;

        public function createNewProperty($name, $value)
        {
            $this->{$name} = $value;
        }
    }

    class Bar
    {
    }
    // 1. Object handles or references
    // Is an object a reference to itself or a clone or totally a different object?
    //
    //   ==  true   Name of two objects are same, for example, Foo() and Foo()
    //   ==  false  Name of two objects are different, for example, Foo() and Bar()
    //   === true   ID of two objects are same, for example, 1 and 1
    //   === false  ID of two objects are different, for example, 1 and 2

    echo "1. Object handles or references (both == and    ===) <br />";

    $bar = new Foo();    // New object Foo() created
    $bar2 = new Foo();   // New object Foo() created
    $baz = clone $bar;   // Object Foo() cloned
    $qux = $bar;         // Object Foo() referenced
    $norf = new Bar();   // New object Bar() created
    echo "bar";
    var_dump($bar);
    echo "baz";
    var_dump($baz);
    echo "qux";
    var_dump($qux);
    echo "bar2";
    var_dump($bar2);
    echo "norf";
    var_dump($norf);

    // Clone: == true and === false
    echo '$bar == $bar2';
    var_dump($bar == $bar2); // true

    echo '$bar === $bar2';
    var_dump($bar === $bar2); // false

    echo '$bar == $baz';
    var_dump($bar == $baz); // true

    echo '$bar === $baz';
    var_dump($bar === $baz); // false

    // Object reference: == true and === true
    echo '$bar == $qux';
    var_dump($bar == $qux); // true

    echo '$bar === $qux';
    var_dump($bar === $qux); // true

    // Two different objects: == false and === false
    echo '$bar == $norf';
    var_dump($bar == $norf); // false

    echo '$bar === $norf';
    var_dump($bar === $norf); // false

    // 2. Instances with matching attributes and its values (only ==).
    //    What happens when objects (even in cloned object) have same
    //    attributes but varying values?

    // $foobar value is different
    echo "2. Instances with matching attributes  and its values (only ==) <br />";

    $baz->foobar = 2;
    echo '$foobar' . " value is different <br />";
    echo '$bar->foobar = ' . $bar->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$baz->foobar = ' . $baz->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar == $baz';
    var_dump($bar == $baz); // false

    // $foobar's value is the same again
    $baz->foobar = 1;
    echo '$foobar' . " value is the same again <br />";
    echo '$bar->foobar is ' . $bar->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$baz->foobar is ' . $baz->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar == $baz';
    var_dump($bar == $baz); // true

    // Changing values of properties in $qux object will change the property
    // value of $bar and evaluates true always, because $qux = &$bar.
    $qux->foobar = 2;
    echo '$foobar value of both $qux and $bar is 2, because $qux = &$bar' . "<br />";
    echo '$qux->foobar is ' . $qux->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar->foobar is ' . $bar->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar == $qux';
    var_dump($bar == $qux); // true

    // 3. Instances with different attributes (only ==)
    //    What happens when objects have different attributes even though
    //    one of the attributes has same value?
    echo "3. Instances with different attributes (only ==) <br />";

    // Dynamically create a property with the name in $name and value
    // in $value for baz object
    $name = 'newproperty';
    $value = null;
    $baz->createNewProperty($name, $value);
    echo '$baz->newproperty is ' . $baz->{$name};
    var_dump($baz);

    $baz->foobar = 2;
    echo '$foobar' . " value is same again <br />";
    echo '$bar->foobar is ' . $bar->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$baz->foobar is ' . $baz->foobar . "<br />";
    echo '$bar == $baz';
    var_dump($bar == $baz); // false
    var_dump($bar);
    var_dump($baz);
?>

您可以使用===来测试函数或变量是否为假，而不仅仅是等于假(零或空字符串)。

$needle = 'a';
$haystack = 'abc';
$pos = strpos($haystack, $needle);
if ($pos === false) {
    echo $needle . ' was not found in ' . $haystack;
} else {
    echo $needle . ' was found in ' . $haystack . ' at location ' . $pos;
}

在这种情况下，strpos将返回0，这在测试中等同于false

if ($pos == false)

or

if (!$pos)

这不是你想要的。

一图胜千言万语:

PHP双等号==等号图表:

PHP三重等号===等号图表:

创建这些图像的源代码:

https://github.com/sentientmachine/php_equality_charts

大师冥想

那些希望保持理智的人，不要再读下去了，因为这些都没有任何意义，只能说PHP的疯狂分形就是这样设计的。

NAN != NAN but NAN == true. == will convert left and right operands to numbers if left is a number. So 123 == "123foo", but "123" != "123foo" A hex string in quotes is occasionally a float, and will be surprise cast to float against your will, causing a runtime error. == is not transitive because "0"== 0, and 0 == "" but "0" != "" PHP Variables that have not been declared yet are false, even though PHP has a way to represent undefined variables, that feature is disabled with ==. "6" == " 6", "4.2" == "4.20", and "133" == "0133" but 133 != 0133. But "0x10" == "16" and "1e3" == "1000" exposing that surprise string conversion to octal will occur both without your instruction or consent, causing a runtime error. False == 0, "", [] and "0". If you add 1 to number and they are already holding their maximum value, they do not wrap around, instead they are cast to infinity. A fresh class is == to 1. False is the most dangerous value because False is == to most of the other variables, mostly defeating it's purpose.

希望:

如果你正在使用PHP，你不应该使用双等号操作符，因为如果你使用三等号，唯一需要担心的边缘情况是NAN和太接近其数据类型最大值的数字，它们会被强制转换为无穷大。使用双等号，任何东西都可以是surprise ==对任何东西或，或可以是出乎你的意愿和!=对显然应该是相等的东西。

在PHP中使用==的任何地方都是糟糕的代码气味，因为隐式强制转换规则暴露了85个错误，这些规则似乎是由数百万程序员通过布朗运动编程设计的。

这都是关于数据类型的。以BOOL (true或false)为例:

True也等于1和 False也等于0

==在比较时不关心数据类型: 所以如果你有一个变量是1(这也可能是真的):

$ var = 1;

然后与==进行比较:

if ($var == true)
{
    echo"var is true";
}

但$var并不等于true，对吧?它的int值为1，而int值为true。

使用===，检查数据类型，以确保两个变量/对象/无论使用相同的类型。

如果我这样做了

if ($var === true)
{
    echo "var is true";
}

这个条件不会为真，因为$var !== true它只== true(如果你知道我的意思)。

你为什么需要这个?

简单-让我们来看看PHP的一个函数:array_search():

array_search()函数的作用是:简单地在数组中搜索一个值，并返回该值所在元素的键。如果在数组中找不到该值，则返回false。但是，如果对存储在数组的第一个元素(数组键值为0)....中的值执行array_search()会怎样呢array_search()函数将返回0…等于false..

所以如果你有:

$arr = array("name");
if (array_search("name", $arr) == false)
{
    // This would return 0 (the key of the element the val was found
    // in), but because we're using ==, we'll think the function
    // actually returned false...when it didn't.
}

所以，你现在明白这为什么会成为一个问题了吗?

大多数人在检查函数是否返回false时不使用== false。相反，他们使用!但实际上，这与使用==false完全相同，所以如果你这样做:

$arr = array("name");
if (!array_search("name", $arr)) // This is the same as doing (array_search("name", $arr) == false)

因此，对于这种情况，您可以使用===来代替，以便检查数据类型。

==和===的差值

松散==相等操作符和严格===相同操作符之间的区别在手册中有详细解释:

比较运算符

松散==相等比较

如果您正在使用==操作符，或任何其他使用松散比较的比较操作符，如!=，<>或==，您总是必须查看上下文，以了解转换的内容，位置和原因，以了解发生了什么。

转换规则

转换为布尔值 转换为整数 转换为浮点数 转换为字符串 转换为数组 转换为对象 转换为资源 转换为NULL

类型对照表

作为参考和例子，您可以在手册中看到比较表:

严格===相同的比较

如果您正在使用===操作符，或任何其他使用严格比较的比较操作符，如!==或===，那么您总是可以确保类型不会神奇地改变，因为不会发生转换。因此，在严格比较中，类型和值必须相同，而不仅仅是值。

类型对照表

作为参考和例子，您可以在手册中看到比较表:

严格比较===

编者注-这是正确的引用之前，但更可读作为降价表。这不是抄袭