NPM: NPM代表Node包管理器，是Node.js的默认包管理器。它由Isaac Z. Schlueter开发，最初发布于2010年1月12日。它完全是用JavaScript编写的。它由一个命令行客户端npm组成，用于管理所有node.js包和模块。当node.js被安装时，它被包含在安装中。

npm run your-package-name

NPX是一个用于执行包的工具。

NPX是npm的首字母缩写，NPX包是npm自带的，所以当你在5.2.0以上安装npm时，NPX会自动安装。

它是一个npm包运行器，可以从npm注册表中执行任何你想要的包，甚至不需要安装那个包。npx在单次使用包中非常有用。如果你在5.2.0以下安装了npm，那么npx不会安装在你的系统中。

执行以下命令确定是否安装了npx:

npx -v

如果未安装npx，则可以执行以下命令。

npm install -g npx

使用npx执行包:

npx your-package-name

NPX:

从https://www.futurehosting.com/blog/npx-makes-life-easier-for-node-developers-plus-node-vulnerability-news/:

Web developers can have dozens of projects on their development machines, and each project has its own particular set of npm-installed dependencies. A few years back, the usual advice for dealing with CLI applications like Grunt or Gulp was to install them locally in each project and also globally so they could easily be run from the command line. But installing globally caused as many problems as it solved. Projects may depend on different versions of command line tools, and polluting the operating system with lots of development-specific CLI tools isn’t great either. Today, most developers prefer to install tools locally and leave it at that. Local versions of tools allow developers to pull projects from GitHub without worrying about incompatibilities with globally installed versions of tools. NPM can just install local versions and you’re good to go. But project specific installations aren’t without their problems: how do you run the right version of the tool without specifying its exact location in the project or playing around with aliases? That’s the problem npx solves. A new tool included in NPM 5.2, npx is a small utility that’s smart enough to run the right application when it’s called from within a project. If you wanted to run the project-local version of mocha, for example, you can run npx mocha inside the project and it will do what you expect. A useful side benefit of npx is that it will automatically install npm packages that aren’t already installed. So, as the tool’s creator Kat Marchán points out, you can run npx benny-hill without having to deal with Benny Hill polluting the global environment. If you want to take npx for a spin, update to the most recent version of npm.

这里有一个NPX的例子:NPX cowsay hello

如果您将其输入到bash终端，您将看到结果。这样做的好处是npx临时安装了cowsay。没有包装污染，因为cowsay不是永久安装的。这对于想要避免包装污染的一次性包装非常有用。

正如在其他回答中提到的，npx在运行前需要安装并配置包的情况下也非常有用(使用npm)。例如，不用使用npm来安装和配置json。包文件，然后调用配置的运行命令，只需使用NPX代替。一个真实的例子: create-react-app my-app

简单的定义:

Javascript包管理器

npx -执行npm包的二进制文件

NPM代表节点包管理器。 它预装在Node.js中。NPM有助于将项目中的包作为依赖项来管理。

在使用NPM时，有两种方法将包安装到本地计算机中。

本地:当一个包在本地安装时，它被安装在 ./node_modules/.bin/ 全局:在用户环境中安装全局包 路径。Linux为“/usr/local/bin”，Windows为“AppData%/npm”。

要执行本地安装的包，应该在包中指定。Json脚本块如下所示。

"scripts": {
    "your-package":  "your-package-name"
}

然后，你可以执行这个包:

npm run your-package-name

NPX是一个NPM包执行器。 目前，当你安装NPM 5.2.0或更高版本时，NPX与NPM捆绑在一起。

为什么NPX胜过NPM?

不需要编辑包。带有node_modules路径的Json文件。 您可以直接从命令行执行该工具。

包管理器

npx -执行npm包

这就是它的不同之处。