这对我来说很有效。它不依赖于文件系统(取决于需要的利弊)，所以它会很快;并且，它应该可以移植到大多数*NIX。它假设传递的字符串确实是相对于PWD，而不是其他目录。

function abspath () {
   echo $1 | awk '\
      # Root parent directory refs to the PWD for replacement below
      /^\.\.\// { sub("^", "./") } \
      # Replace the symbolic PWD refs with the absolute PWD \
      /^\.\//   { sub("^\.", ENVIRON["PWD"])} \
      # Print absolute paths \
      /^\//   {print} \'
}

除了"readlink -f"，还有一个常用的命令:

$find /the/long/path/but/I/can/use/TAB/to/auto/it/to/ -name myfile /the/long/path/but/I/can/use/TAB/to/auto/it/to/myfile $

这也给出了控制台的完整路径和文件名

跑题:这种方法只给出相对链接，而不是绝对链接。readlink -f命令是正确的。

创建一个如下所示的函数(使用pwd回显文件的绝对路径，并将文件添加到路径的末尾:

abspath() { echo $(pwd "$1")/"$1"; }

现在你可以找到任何文件路径:

abspath myfile.ext

you@you:~/test$ ls
file
you@you:~/test$ path="`pwd`/`ls`"
you@you:~/test$ echo $path
/home/you/test/file

这很天真，但是我必须使它与POSIX兼容。需要进入文件目录的cd权限。

#!/bin/sh
if [ ${#} = 0 ]; then
  echo "Error: 0 args. need 1" >&2
  exit 1
fi


if [ -d ${1} ]; then


  # Directory


  base=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD##*/} )
  dir=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD%${base}} )

  if [ ${dir} = / ]; then
    parentPath=${dir}
  else
    parentPath=${dir%/}
  fi

  if [ -z ${base} ] || [ -z ${parentPath} ]; then
    if [ -n ${1} ]; then
      fullPath=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD} )
    else
      echo "Error: unsupported scenario 1" >&2
      exit 1
    fi
  fi

elif [ ${1%/*} = ${1} ]; then

  if [ -f ./${1} ]; then


    # File in current directory

    base=$( echo ${1##*/} )
    parentPath=$( echo ${PWD} )

  else
    echo "Error: unsupported scenario 2" >&2
    exit 1
  fi
elif [ -f ${1} ] && [ -d ${1%/*} ]; then


  # File in directory

  base=$( echo ${1##*/} )
  parentPath=$( cd ${1%/*}; echo ${PWD} )

else
  echo "Error: not file or directory" >&2
  exit 1
fi

if [ ${parentPath} = / ]; then
  fullPath=${fullPath:-${parentPath}${base}}
fi

fullPath=${fullPath:-${parentPath}/${base}}

if [ ! -e ${fullPath} ]; then
  echo "Error: does not exist" >&2
  exit 1
fi

echo ${fullPath}

你可以使用fpn(完整路径名)脚本:

% pwd
/Users/adamatan/bins/scripts/fpn

% ls
LICENSE   README.md fpn.py

% fpn *
/Users/adamatan/bins/scripts/fpn/LICENSE
/Users/adamatan/bins/scripts/fpn/README.md
/Users/adamatan/bins/scripts/fpn/fpn.py

fpn不是一个标准的Linux包，但它是一个免费开放的github项目，你可以在一分钟内设置好。