这很天真，但是我必须使它与POSIX兼容。需要进入文件目录的cd权限。

#!/bin/sh
if [ ${#} = 0 ]; then
  echo "Error: 0 args. need 1" >&2
  exit 1
fi


if [ -d ${1} ]; then


  # Directory


  base=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD##*/} )
  dir=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD%${base}} )

  if [ ${dir} = / ]; then
    parentPath=${dir}
  else
    parentPath=${dir%/}
  fi

  if [ -z ${base} ] || [ -z ${parentPath} ]; then
    if [ -n ${1} ]; then
      fullPath=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD} )
    else
      echo "Error: unsupported scenario 1" >&2
      exit 1
    fi
  fi

elif [ ${1%/*} = ${1} ]; then

  if [ -f ./${1} ]; then


    # File in current directory

    base=$( echo ${1##*/} )
    parentPath=$( echo ${PWD} )

  else
    echo "Error: unsupported scenario 2" >&2
    exit 1
  fi
elif [ -f ${1} ] && [ -d ${1%/*} ]; then


  # File in directory

  base=$( echo ${1##*/} )
  parentPath=$( cd ${1%/*}; echo ${PWD} )

else
  echo "Error: not file or directory" >&2
  exit 1
fi

if [ ${parentPath} = / ]; then
  fullPath=${fullPath:-${parentPath}${base}}
fi

fullPath=${fullPath:-${parentPath}/${base}}

if [ ! -e ${fullPath} ]; then
  echo "Error: does not exist" >&2
  exit 1
fi

echo ${fullPath}

对于Mac OS X，我替换了操作系统附带的实用程序，用更新版本的coreutils替换了它们。这允许你在Mac上访问像readlink -f(文件的绝对路径)和realpath(目录的绝对路径)这样的工具。

Homebrew版本在命令名前附加了一个“G”(GNU工具)——所以等价的是greadlink -f FILE和grealpath DIRECTORY。

关于如何通过Homebrew在Mac OS X上安装coreutils/GNU Tools的说明可以在这篇StackExchange文章中找到。

注意:readlink -f和realpath命令对于非mac Unix用户应该是开箱即用的。

对于Mac OS，如果你只是想在查找器中获取文件的路径，控制单击该文件，并向下滚动到底部的“服务”。你有很多选择，包括“复制路径”和“复制完整路径”。单击其中一个将路径放到剪贴板上。

在mac下面提到的行工作。不需要添加任何花哨的线条。

> pwd filename

echo $(cd $(dirname "$1") && pwd -P)/$(basename "$1")

这是对@ZeRemz的答案的解释:

这个脚本获取相对路径作为参数"$1" 然后我们得到该路径的dirname部分(你可以将dir或file传递给这个脚本): 然后将“$(dirname“$1”)cd到这个相对目录中 && pwd -P并获取它的绝对路径。-P选项将避免所有符号链接 在此之后，我们将basename附加到绝对路径: 作为最后一步，我们重复它

这很天真，但是我必须使它与POSIX兼容。需要进入文件目录的cd权限。

#!/bin/sh
if [ ${#} = 0 ]; then
  echo "Error: 0 args. need 1" >&2
  exit 1
fi


if [ -d ${1} ]; then


  # Directory


  base=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD##*/} )
  dir=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD%${base}} )

  if [ ${dir} = / ]; then
    parentPath=${dir}
  else
    parentPath=${dir%/}
  fi

  if [ -z ${base} ] || [ -z ${parentPath} ]; then
    if [ -n ${1} ]; then
      fullPath=$( cd ${1}; echo ${PWD} )
    else
      echo "Error: unsupported scenario 1" >&2
      exit 1
    fi
  fi

elif [ ${1%/*} = ${1} ]; then

  if [ -f ./${1} ]; then


    # File in current directory

    base=$( echo ${1##*/} )
    parentPath=$( echo ${PWD} )

  else
    echo "Error: unsupported scenario 2" >&2
    exit 1
  fi
elif [ -f ${1} ] && [ -d ${1%/*} ]; then


  # File in directory

  base=$( echo ${1##*/} )
  parentPath=$( cd ${1%/*}; echo ${PWD} )

else
  echo "Error: not file or directory" >&2
  exit 1
fi

if [ ${parentPath} = / ]; then
  fullPath=${fullPath:-${parentPath}${base}}
fi

fullPath=${fullPath:-${parentPath}/${base}}

if [ ! -e ${fullPath} ]; then
  echo "Error: does not exist" >&2
  exit 1
fi

echo ${fullPath}