echo "mydir/doc/ mydir/usoe ./mydir/usm" |  awk '{ split($0,array," "); for(i in array){ system("cd "array[i]" && echo $PWD") } }'

我发现Eugen Konkov的答案是最好的，因为它不需要安装任何程序。但是，对于不存在的目录，它将失败。

我写了一个函数，适用于不存在的目录:

function getRealPath()
{
    local -i traversals=0
    currentDir="$1"
    basename=''
    while :; do
        [[ "$currentDir" == '.' ]] && { echo "$1"; return 1; }
        [[ $traversals -eq 0 ]] && pwd=$(cd "$currentDir" 2>&1 && pwd) && { echo "$pwd/$basename"; return 0; }
        currentBasename="$(basename "$currentDir")"
        currentDir="$(dirname "$currentDir")"
        [[ "$currentBasename" == '..' ]] && (( ++traversals )) || { [[ traversals -gt 0 ]] && (( traversals-- )) || basename="$currentBasename/$basename"; }
    done
}

它通过使用dirname向上遍历直到cd成功，然后返回当前目录加上dirname删除的所有内容来解决不存在目录的问题。

更新之前的答案使用python 3

to_abs_path() {
  python -c "import os; print (os.path.abspath('$1'))"
}

允许

to_abs_path "./../some_file.txt"

他们说，除了找到$PWD或(在bash中)找到~+更方便一些。

如果你已经安装了coreutils包，你通常可以使用readlink -f relative_file_name来检索绝对符号链接(解析所有符号链接)。

这是来自所有其他解决方案的链式解决方案，例如，当realpath失败时，要么是因为没有安装它，要么是因为它带着错误代码退出，那么，将尝试下一个解决方案，直到它获得正确的路径。

#!/bin/bash

function getabsolutepath() {
    local target;
    local changedir;
    local basedir;
    local firstattempt;

    target="${1}";
    if [ "$target" == "." ];
    then
        printf "%s" "$(pwd)";

    elif [ "$target" == ".." ];
    then
        printf "%s" "$(dirname "$(pwd)")";

    else
        changedir="$(dirname "${target}")" && basedir="$(basename "${target}")" && firstattempt="$(cd "${changedir}" && pwd)" && printf "%s/%s" "${firstattempt}" "${basedir}" && return 0;
        firstattempt="$(readlink -f "${target}")" && printf "%s" "${firstattempt}" && return 0;
        firstattempt="$(realpath "${target}")" && printf "%s" "${firstattempt}" && return 0;

        # If everything fails... TRHOW PYTHON ON IT!!!
        local fullpath;
        local pythoninterpreter;
        local pythonexecutables;
        local pythonlocations;

        pythoninterpreter="python";
        declare -a pythonlocations=("/usr/bin" "/bin");
        declare -a pythonexecutables=("python" "python2" "python3");

        for path in "${pythonlocations[@]}";
        do
            for executable in "${pythonexecutables[@]}";
            do
                fullpath="${path}/${executable}";

                if [[ -f "${fullpath}" ]];
                then
                    # printf "Found ${fullpath}\\n";
                    pythoninterpreter="${fullpath}";
                    break;
                fi;
            done;

            if [[ "${pythoninterpreter}" != "python" ]];
            then
                # printf "Breaking... ${pythoninterpreter}\\n"
                break;
            fi;
        done;

        firstattempt="$(${pythoninterpreter} -c "import os, sys; print( os.path.abspath( sys.argv[1] ) );" "${target}")" && printf "%s" "${firstattempt}" && return 0;
        # printf "Error: Could not determine the absolute path!\\n";
        return 1;
    fi
}

printf "\\nResults:\\n%s\\nExit: %s\\n" "$(getabsolutepath "./asdfasdf/ asdfasdf")" "${?}"