Android房间-简单的选择查询-不能访问数据库在主线程

我正在尝试一个样本与房间持久性库。我创建了一个实体:

@Entity
public class Agent {
    @PrimaryKey
    public String guid;
    public String name;
    public String email;
    public String password;
    public String phone;
    public String licence;
}

创建一个DAO类:

@Dao
public interface AgentDao {
    @Query("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Agent where email = :email OR phone = :phone OR licence = :licence")
    int agentsCount(String email, String phone, String licence);

    @Insert
    void insertAgent(Agent agent);
}

创建Database类:

@Database(entities = {Agent.class}, version = 1)
public abstract class AppDatabase extends RoomDatabase {
    public abstract AgentDao agentDao();
}

在Kotlin中使用以下子类公开数据库:

class MyApp : Application() {

    companion object DatabaseSetup {
        var database: AppDatabase? = null
    }

    override fun onCreate() {
        super.onCreate()
        MyApp.database =  Room.databaseBuilder(this, AppDatabase::class.java, "MyDatabase").build()
    }
}

在我的活动中实现以下功能:

void signUpAction(View view) {
        String email = editTextEmail.getText().toString();
        String phone = editTextPhone.getText().toString();
        String license = editTextLicence.getText().toString();

        AgentDao agentDao = MyApp.DatabaseSetup.getDatabase().agentDao();
        //1: Check if agent already exists
        int agentsCount = agentDao.agentsCount(email, phone, license);
        if (agentsCount > 0) {
            //2: If it already exists then prompt user
            Toast.makeText(this, "Agent already exists!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
        else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "Agent does not exist! Hurray :)", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            onBackPressed();
        }
    }

不幸的是，在执行上面的方法时，它崩溃了下面的堆栈跟踪:

    FATAL EXCEPTION: main
 Process: com.example.me.MyApp, PID: 31592
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not execute method for android:onClick
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatViewInflater$DeclaredOnClickListener.onClick(AppCompatViewInflater.java:293)
    at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:5612)
    at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:22288)
    at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:751)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6123)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:867)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:757)
 Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatViewInflater$DeclaredOnClickListener.onClick(AppCompatViewInflater.java:288)
    at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:5612) 
    at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:22288) 
    at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:751) 
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95) 
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6123) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:867) 
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:757) 
 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot access database on the main thread since it may potentially lock the UI for a long periods of time.
    at android.arch.persistence.room.RoomDatabase.assertNotMainThread(RoomDatabase.java:137)
    at android.arch.persistence.room.RoomDatabase.query(RoomDatabase.java:165)
    at com.example.me.MyApp.RoomDb.Dao.AgentDao_Impl.agentsCount(AgentDao_Impl.java:94)
    at com.example.me.MyApp.View.SignUpActivity.signUpAction(SignUpActivity.java:58)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatViewInflater$DeclaredOnClickListener.onClick(AppCompatViewInflater.java:288) 
    at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:5612) 
    at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:22288) 
    at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:751) 
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95) 
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6123) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:867) 
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:757)

似乎这个问题与主线程上执行db操作有关。然而，上面链接中提供的示例测试代码不会在单独的线程上运行:

@Test
    public void writeUserAndReadInList() throws Exception {
        User user = TestUtil.createUser(3);
        user.setName("george");
        mUserDao.insert(user);
        List<User> byName = mUserDao.findUsersByName("george");
        assertThat(byName.get(0), equalTo(user));
    }

我漏了什么吗?我怎样才能使它不崩溃地执行?请建议。

当前回答

更新:当我试图在DAO中使用@RawQuery和SupportSQLiteQuery构建查询时，我也得到了这条消息。

@Transaction
public LiveData<List<MyEntity>> getList(MySettings mySettings) {
    //return getMyList(); -->this is ok

    return getMyList(new SimpleSQLiteQuery("select * from mytable")); --> this is an error

解决方案:在ViewModel中构建查询并将其传递给DAO。

public MyViewModel(Application application) {
...
        list = Transformations.switchMap(searchParams, params -> {

            StringBuilder sql;
            sql = new StringBuilder("select  ... ");

            return appDatabase.rawDao().getList(new SimpleSQLiteQuery(sql.toString()));

        });
    }

还是……

你不应该直接在主线程上访问数据库，例如:

 public void add(MyEntity item) {
     appDatabase.myDao().add(item); 
 }

您应该使用AsyncTask进行更新、添加和删除操作。

例子:

public class MyViewModel extends AndroidViewModel {

    private LiveData<List<MyEntity>> list;

    private AppDatabase appDatabase;

    public MyViewModel(Application application) {
        super(application);

        appDatabase = AppDatabase.getDatabase(this.getApplication());
        list = appDatabase.myDao().getItems();
    }

    public LiveData<List<MyEntity>> getItems() {
        return list;
    }

    public void delete(Obj item) {
        new deleteAsyncTask(appDatabase).execute(item);
    }

    private static class deleteAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<MyEntity, Void, Void> {

        private AppDatabase db;

        deleteAsyncTask(AppDatabase appDatabase) {
            db = appDatabase;
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(final MyEntity... params) {
            db.myDao().delete((params[0]));
            return null;
        }
    }

    public void add(final MyEntity item) {
        new addAsyncTask(appDatabase).execute(item);
    }

    private static class addAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<MyEntity, Void, Void> {

        private AppDatabase db;

        addAsyncTask(AppDatabase appDatabase) {
            db = appDatabase;
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(final MyEntity... params) {
            db.myDao().add((params[0]));
            return null;
        }

    }
}

如果使用LiveData进行选择操作，则不需要AsyncTask。

2018-01-05 01:14:30

其他回答

调用你的查询在协程(Dispatchers.IO)，因为我们需要做db操作在后台。

请查看以下附件截图:

2022-07-08 19:35:47

使用lambda很容易与AsyncTask一起运行

 AsyncTask.execute(() -> //run your query here );

2019-03-14 01:43:30

在数据库文件中添加.allowMainThreadQueries()

@Database(entities = [Country::class], version = 1)
abstract class CountryDatabase: RoomDatabase() {
    abstract fun getCountryDao(): CountryDao
    companion object {
        @Volatile
        private var instance: CountryDatabase? = null
        private val LOCK = Any()

        operator fun invoke(context: Context) = instance ?:
        synchronized(LOCK) {
            instance ?:
            createDatabase(context).also { instance = it }
        }
        private fun createDatabase(context: Context) =
            Room.databaseBuilder(
                context.applicationContext,
                CountryDatabase::class.java,
                "country_db"
            ).allowMainThreadQueries()
             .build()
    }
}

2021-10-11 21:53:36

添加调度程序。IO在流的末尾，像这样:

flow { ... }.flowOn(Dispatchers.IO)

2021-11-16 23:28:51

对于快速查询，您可以允许在UI线程上执行它。

AppDatabase db = Room.databaseBuilder(context.getApplicationContext(),
        AppDatabase.class, DATABASE_NAME).allowMainThreadQueries().build();

在我的情况下，我必须找出在列表中单击的用户是否存在于数据库中。如果不是，那么创建用户并启动另一个活动

       @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {



            int position = getAdapterPosition();

            User user = new User();
            String name = getName(position);
            user.setName(name);

            AppDatabase appDatabase = DatabaseCreator.getInstance(mContext).getDatabase();
            UserDao userDao = appDatabase.getUserDao();
            ArrayList<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
            users.add(user);
            List<Long> ids = userDao.insertAll(users);

            Long id = ids.get(0);
            if(id == -1)
            {
                user = userDao.getUser(name);
                user.setId(user.getId());
            }
            else
            {
                user.setId(id);
            }

            Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, ChatActivity.class);
            intent.putExtra(ChatActivity.EXTRAS_USER, Parcels.wrap(user));
            mContext.startActivity(intent);
        }
    }

2017-08-07 00:50:23

Android房间-简单的选择查询-不能访问数据库在主线程

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