如何记录Python异常?
try:
do_something()
except:
# How can I log my exception here, complete with its traceback?
如何记录Python异常?
try:
do_something()
except:
# How can I log my exception here, complete with its traceback?
当前回答
也许没有那么时尚,但更简单:
#!/bin/bash
log="/var/log/yourlog"
/path/to/your/script.py 2>&1 | (while read; do echo "$REPLY" >> $log; done)
其他回答
使用日志记录。Exception:处理程序/块中的异常,以记录当前异常和跟踪信息,并添加一条消息。
import logging
LOG_FILENAME = '/tmp/logging_example.out'
logging.basicConfig(filename=LOG_FILENAME, level=logging.DEBUG)
logging.debug('This message should go to the log file')
try:
run_my_stuff()
except:
logging.exception('Got exception on main handler')
raise
现在查看日志文件/tmp/logging_example.out:
DEBUG:root:This message should go to the log file
ERROR:root:Got exception on main handler
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/tmp/teste.py", line 9, in <module>
run_my_stuff()
NameError: name 'run_my_stuff' is not defined
使用exc_info选项可能更好,保留警告或错误标题:
try:
# coode in here
except Exception as e:
logging.error(e, exc_info=True)
要关闭其他可能在这里丢失的内容,在日志中捕获它的最佳方法是使用traceback.format_exc()调用,然后将该字符串拆分为每行,以便在生成的日志文件中捕获:
import logging
import sys
import traceback
try:
...
except Exception as ex:
# could be done differently, just showing you can split it apart to capture everything individually
ex_t = type(ex).__name__
err = str(ex)
err_msg = f'[{ex_t}] - {err}'
logging.error(err_msg)
# go through the trackback lines and individually add those to the log as an error
for l in traceback.format_exc().splitlines():
logging.error(l)
下面是一个简单的例子,摘自python 2.6文档:
import logging
LOG_FILENAME = '/tmp/logging_example.out'
logging.basicConfig(filename=LOG_FILENAME,level=logging.DEBUG,)
logging.debug('This message should go to the log file')
未捕获的异常消息将发送到STDERR,因此,您可以使用任何用于运行Python脚本的shell将STDERR发送到文件中,而不是在Python中实现日志记录。在Bash脚本中,您可以使用输出重定向来实现这一点,如Bash指南中所述。
例子
附加错误文件,其他输出到终端:
./test.py 2>> mylog.log
覆盖交错的STDOUT和STDERR输出文件:
./test.py &> mylog.log