你可以使用下面的命令:

git clone -b branch_name --single-branch project_url local_folder_to_clone_in

这里有很多答案，其中提到:

Download 1 branch (with the --single-branch part): # (We'll refer to this as "the 1st command" below.) # 1. Clone ONLY `branch_name`, then check it out. The `--single-branch` part # means that ONLY `branch_name` is cloned, fetched, pulled, and # tracked. _No other remote branches will be cloned to your PC # whatsoever._ git clone -b branch_name --single-branch \ https://github.com/some_project/some_project.git ...or some version of that, and a few which mention just: Download all branches (withOUT the --single-branch part): # (We'll refer to this as "the 2nd command" below.) # 2. Clone ALL remote branches, then `git checkout` the `branch_name` # branch. git clone -b branch_name \ https://github.com/some_project/some_project.git

但是，我想稍微阐述一下这两件事，并展示一组更熟悉的等效命令，这样我们就可以看到每个命令背后发生了什么。

让我们假设您在GitHub https://github.com/micronucleus/micronucleus.git上有一个远程回购，具有远程分支master和version_2.5(这是一个您现在可以实际运行的真实示例)。

上面的第二个命令的分解:

第二个命令(git clone -b version_2.5 https://github.com/micronucleus/micronucleus.git)将所有REMOTE分支克隆到您的本地PC上，但随后签出version_2.5分支而不是主分支。一个命令相当于这样做:

git clone https://github.com/micronucleus/micronucleus.git
cd micronucleus  # cd into the repo you just cloned
git checkout version_2.5
# To be pedantic, also delete the local `master` branch since
# technically it won't exist yet since you haven't yet checked
# it out with `git checkout master`, which would create it from
# your locally-stored remote-tracking branch, `origin/master`
git branch -d master

-b version_2.5部分自动为我们检出version_2.5分支，而不是master分支。

git branch -a告诉我们所有的分支都被克隆到了我们的本地PC上。在这里你可以看到我们所在的本地分支version_2.5，加上本地存储的远程跟踪分支origin/HEAD(指向origin/master)，加上origin/master和origin/version_2.5:

$ git branch -a
* version_2.5
  remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master
  remotes/origin/master
  remotes/origin/version_2.5

我们也可以看看我们的fetch引用是什么。你可以打开.git/config文件直接查看它们，或者运行git config remote.origin.fetch:

$ git config remote.origin.fetch
+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*

你可以在上面看到我们的git fetch命令(它也是由git pull触发的，因为它相当于git fetch && git merge)被配置为获取源远程中所有分支的所有头部。我不是这方面的专家，但我相信这就是+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*的意思。

上面第一个命令的分解:

第一个命令(git clone -b version_2.5——single-branch https://github.com/micronucleus/micronucleus.git)只克隆version_2.5分支到你的本地PC上，它也检查它。这一个命令相当于这样做(至少在最终结果中，除了它在开始时下载的数据要少得多，因为它只克隆一个分支而不是所有分支):

git clone https://github.com/micronucleus/micronucleus.git
cd micronucleus  # cd into the repo you just cloned
git checkout version_2.5

# Delete ALL other branches, including remote-tracking ones, which are not the 
# `version_2.5` branch:
# One local branch
git branch -d master
# ALL other locally-stored remote-tracking branches
git branch -dr origin/HEAD 
git branch -dr origin/master

# Fix your `.git/config` file so that `git fetch` does the right thing, fetching
# ONLY the `version_2.5` branch head from the `origin/version_2.5` remote branch:
git config remote.origin.fetch \
"+refs/heads/version_2.5:refs/remotes/origin/version_2.5"

-b version_2.5部分导致在默认情况下检出version_2.5分支而不是主分支(如上所述)，而——single-branch部分导致:

没有其他分支克隆到我们的PC，和 git fetch被配置为当我们调用git fetch或git pull时，其他任何分支都不会被获取!

这个命令真正克隆了，只会获取我们想要的一个分支，就是它!

git分支-a告诉我们只有version_2.5分支被克隆和签出。在这里，我们可以通过*看到哪个分支被签出，我们还可以看到我们有一个本地存储的origin/version_2.5的远程跟踪分支:

$ git branch -a
* version_2.5
  remotes/origin/version_2.5

我们也可以看看我们的fetch引用是什么。你可以打开.git/config文件直接查看它们，或者运行git config remote.origin.fetch:

$ git config remote.origin.fetch
+refs/heads/version_2.5:refs/remotes/origin/version_2.5

你可以在上面看到，我们的git获取命令将只从origin/version_2.5远程分支获取version_2.5分支头。就是这样!注意，永远不会获取其他远程分支。

简介:

因此，现在您可以看到，使用-b branch_name基本上只是确保在克隆之后签出branch_name分支，但仍然克隆所有远程分支，而添加also——single-branch则确保克隆、提取、提取和跟踪ONLY branch_name。任何其他远程分支都不会克隆到您的PC上。

Personally, I prefer the -b branch_name option alone, because I want all branches cloned to my local PC. The one exception might be on a huge, shared mono-repo which has dozens, or even hundreds or thousands of remote branches. In that case, just use -b branch_name --single-branch to clone just the one main branch you care about and be done. Better to download 50 GiB of data for the master branch in a huge mono-repo, for instance, than to download 200 GiB of data so you can have 2000 of your peers' branches they are working on too!

引用:

只克隆一个分支 如何停止跟踪Git中的远程分支?

你可以试试长篇大论的方式:

mkdir newrepo.git
cd newrepo.git
git init
git remote add origin file:///path/to/original
git fetch origin branchiwant:refs/remotes/origin/branchiwant
git checkout -b branchiwant --track origin/branchiwant

它的作用是:

创建并初始化一个空Git存储库。 将原始存储库添加为名为origin的远程存储库。 只从称为origin的远端获取所需的分支。 创建并签出一个新分支，该分支被设置为跟踪刚刚克隆的源分支。

希望这是你所追求的东西。

使用Git版本1.7.3.1(在Windows上)，下面是我所做的($BRANCH是我想要签出的分支的名称，$REMOTE_REPO是我想要克隆的远程存储库的URL):

mkdir $BRANCH
cd $BRANCH
git init
git remote add -t $BRANCH -f origin $REMOTE_REPO
git checkout $BRANCH

这种方法的优点是后续的git pull(或git fetch)调用也会下载所请求的分支。

你可以使用这个命令git单个分支和重命名文件夹，如果你想保持分支独立

git clone -b [branch-name] --single-branch [url]  [folder_name]

例子

git clone -b mybranch --single-branch git://github/repository.git  project_mybranch

一种方法是执行以下操作。

git clone user@git-server:project_name.git -b branch_name /your/folder

其中branch_name是您选择的分支，“/your/folder”是该分支的目标文件夹。这确实会带来其他分支，让你有机会来回合并。

更新

现在，从Git 1.7.10开始，您就可以这样做了

git clone user@git-server:project_name.git -b branch_name --single-branch /your/folder