我有一些HTML菜单,当用户单击这些菜单的头部时,我会完全显示这些菜单。当用户在菜单区域外单击时,我希望隐藏这些元素。

jQuery是否可以实现这样的功能?

$("#menuscontainer").clickOutsideThisElement(function() {
    // Hide the menus
});

当前回答

您可以监听文档上的单击事件,然后使用.clost()确保#menucontainer不是被单击元素的祖先或目标。

如果不是,则单击的元素位于#menucontainer之外,您可以安全地隐藏它。

$(document).click(function(event) { 
  var $target = $(event.target);
  if(!$target.closest('#menucontainer').length && 
  $('#menucontainer').is(":visible")) {
    $('#menucontainer').hide();
  }        
});

编辑–2017-06-23

如果您计划关闭菜单并希望停止侦听事件,也可以在事件侦听器之后进行清理。此函数将只清理新创建的侦听器,保留文档上的任何其他单击侦听器。使用ES2015语法:

export function hideOnClickOutside(selector) {
  const outsideClickListener = (event) => {
    const $target = $(event.target);
    if (!$target.closest(selector).length && $(selector).is(':visible')) {
        $(selector).hide();
        removeClickListener();
    }
  }

  const removeClickListener = () => {
    document.removeEventListener('click', outsideClickListener);
  }

  document.addEventListener('click', outsideClickListener);
}

编辑–2018-03-11

对于那些不想使用jQuery的人。这是上面的纯vanillaJS(ECMAScript6)代码。

function hideOnClickOutside(element) {
    const outsideClickListener = event => {
        if (!element.contains(event.target) && isVisible(element)) { // or use: event.target.closest(selector) === null
          element.style.display = 'none';
          removeClickListener();
        }
    }

    const removeClickListener = () => {
        document.removeEventListener('click', outsideClickListener);
    }

    document.addEventListener('click', outsideClickListener);
}

const isVisible = elem => !!elem && !!( elem.offsetWidth || elem.offsetHeight || elem.getClientRects().length ); // source (2018-03-11): https://github.com/jquery/jquery/blob/master/src/css/hiddenVisibleSelectors.js 

注:这是基于Alex的评论,仅供使用!元素。包含(event.target)而不是jQuery部分。

但是element.clost()现在也可以在所有主要浏览器中使用(W3C版本与jQuery版本稍有不同)。Polyfills可以在以下位置找到:Element.clost()

编辑–2020-05-21

如果您希望用户能够在元素内部单击并拖动,则在元素外部释放鼠标,而不关闭元素:

      ...
      let lastMouseDownX = 0;
      let lastMouseDownY = 0;
      let lastMouseDownWasOutside = false;

      const mouseDownListener = (event: MouseEvent) => {
        lastMouseDownX = event.offsetX;
        lastMouseDownY = event.offsetY;
        lastMouseDownWasOutside = !$(event.target).closest(element).length;
      }
      document.addEventListener('mousedown', mouseDownListener);

在外部ClickListener中:

const outsideClickListener = event => {
        const deltaX = event.offsetX - lastMouseDownX;
        const deltaY = event.offsetY - lastMouseDownY;
        const distSq = (deltaX * deltaX) + (deltaY * deltaY);
        const isDrag = distSq > 3;
        const isDragException = isDrag && !lastMouseDownWasOutside;

        if (!element.contains(event.target) && isVisible(element) && !isDragException) { // or use: event.target.closest(selector) === null
          element.style.display = 'none';
          removeClickListener();
          document.removeEventListener('mousedown', mouseDownListener); // Or add this line to removeClickListener()
        }
    }

其他回答

标记为接受答案的答案没有考虑到元素上可以有覆盖,如对话框、弹出窗口、日期选择器等。单击这些按钮不应隐藏元素。

我制作了自己的版本,确实考虑到了这一点。它是作为KnockoutJS绑定创建的,但它可以很容易地仅转换为jQuery。

它通过第一次查询所有具有z索引或绝对位置的可见元素来工作。然后,如果在外部单击,它会根据我想要隐藏的元素来测试这些元素。如果是命中,我会计算一个新的边界矩形,该矩形考虑到覆盖边界。

ko.bindingHandlers.clickedIn = (function () {
    function getBounds(element) {
        var pos = element.offset();
        return {
            x: pos.left,
            x2: pos.left + element.outerWidth(),
            y: pos.top,
            y2: pos.top + element.outerHeight()
        };
    }

    function hitTest(o, l) {
        function getOffset(o) {
            for (var r = { l: o.offsetLeft, t: o.offsetTop, r: o.offsetWidth, b: o.offsetHeight };
                o = o.offsetParent; r.l += o.offsetLeft, r.t += o.offsetTop);
            return r.r += r.l, r.b += r.t, r;
        }

        for (var b, s, r = [], a = getOffset(o), j = isNaN(l.length), i = (j ? l = [l] : l).length; i;
            b = getOffset(l[--i]), (a.l == b.l || (a.l > b.l ? a.l <= b.r : b.l <= a.r))
                && (a.t == b.t || (a.t > b.t ? a.t <= b.b : b.t <= a.b)) && (r[r.length] = l[i]));
        return j ? !!r.length : r;
    }

    return {
        init: function (element, valueAccessor) {
            var target = valueAccessor();
            $(document).click(function (e) {
                if (element._clickedInElementShowing === false && target()) {
                    var $element = $(element);
                    var bounds = getBounds($element);

                    var possibleOverlays = $("[style*=z-index],[style*=absolute]").not(":hidden");
                    $.each(possibleOverlays, function () {
                        if (hitTest(element, this)) {
                            var b = getBounds($(this));
                            bounds.x = Math.min(bounds.x, b.x);
                            bounds.x2 = Math.max(bounds.x2, b.x2);
                            bounds.y = Math.min(bounds.y, b.y);
                            bounds.y2 = Math.max(bounds.y2, b.y2);
                        }
                    });

                    if (e.clientX < bounds.x || e.clientX > bounds.x2 ||
                        e.clientY < bounds.y || e.clientY > bounds.y2) {

                        target(false);
                    }
                }
                element._clickedInElementShowing = false;
            });

            $(element).click(function (e) {
                e.stopPropagation();
            });
        },
        update: function (element, valueAccessor) {
            var showing = ko.utils.unwrapObservable(valueAccessor());
            if (showing) {
                element._clickedInElementShowing = true;
            }
        }
    };
})();

这里还有一个解决方案:

http://jsfiddle.net/zR76D/

用法:

<div onClick="$('#menu').toggle();$('#menu').clickOutside(function() { $(this).hide(); $(this).clickOutside('disable'); });">Open / Close Menu</div>
<div id="menu" style="display: none; border: 1px solid #000000; background: #660000;">I am a menu, whoa is me.</div>

插件:

(function($) {
    var clickOutsideElements = [];
    var clickListener = false;

    $.fn.clickOutside = function(options, ignoreFirstClick) {
        var that = this;
        if (ignoreFirstClick == null) ignoreFirstClick = true;

        if (options != "disable") {
            for (var i in clickOutsideElements) {
                if (clickOutsideElements[i].element[0] == $(this)[0]) return this;
            }

            clickOutsideElements.push({ element : this, clickDetected : ignoreFirstClick, fnc : (typeof(options) != "function") ? function() {} : options });

            $(this).on("click.clickOutside", function(event) {
                for (var i in clickOutsideElements) {
                    if (clickOutsideElements[i].element[0] == $(this)[0]) {
                        clickOutsideElements[i].clickDetected = true;
                    }
                }
            });

            if (!clickListener) {
                if (options != null && typeof(options) == "function") {
                    $('html').click(function() {
                        for (var i in clickOutsideElements) {
                            if (!clickOutsideElements[i].clickDetected) {
                                clickOutsideElements[i].fnc.call(that);
                            }
                            if (clickOutsideElements[i] != null) clickOutsideElements[i].clickDetected = false;
                        }
                    });
                    clickListener = true;
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            $(this).off("click.clickoutside");
            for (var i = 0; i < clickOutsideElements.length; ++i) {
                if (clickOutsideElements[i].element[0] == $(this)[0]) {
                    clickOutsideElements.splice(i, 1);
                }
            }
        }

        return this;
    }
})(jQuery);

这是我的代码:

// Listen to every click
$('html').click(function(event) {
    if ( $('#mypopupmenu').is(':visible') ) {
        if (event.target.id != 'click_this_to_show_mypopupmenu') {
            $('#mypopupmenu').hide();
        }
    }
});

// Listen to selector's clicks
$('#click_this_to_show_mypopupmenu').click(function() {

  // If the menu is visible, and you clicked the selector again we need to hide
  if ( $('#mypopupmenu').is(':visible') {
      $('#mypopupmenu').hide();
      return true;
  }

  // Else we need to show the popup menu
  $('#mypopupmenu').show();
});

当只有一个元素需要管理时,这里的解决方案工作得很好。然而,如果有多个元素,问题就复杂得多。e.stopPropagation()的技巧和其他所有技巧都不起作用。

我想出了一个解决方案,也许不是那么容易,但总比什么都没有好。看看:

$view.on("click", function(e) {

    if(model.isActivated()) return;

        var watchUnclick = function() {
            rootView.one("mouseleave", function() {
                $(document).one("click", function() {
                    model.deactivate();
                });
                rootView.one("mouseenter", function() {
                    watchUnclick();
                });
            });
        };
        watchUnclick();
        model.activate();
    });

正如另一位海报所说,有很多陷阱,特别是如果你正在显示的元素(在本例中是菜单)具有交互元素。我发现以下方法相当稳健:

$('#menuscontainer').click(function(event) {
    //your code that shows the menus fully

    //now set up an event listener so that clicking anywhere outside will close the menu
    $('html').click(function(event) {
        //check up the tree of the click target to check whether user has clicked outside of menu
        if ($(event.target).parents('#menuscontainer').length==0) {
            // your code to hide menu

            //this event listener has done its job so we can unbind it.
            $(this).unbind(event);
        }

    })
});