是否有一种简单的单行方式来获取表单的数据,就像以经典的仅html方式提交表单一样?
例如:
<form>
<input type="radio" name="foo" value="1" checked="checked" />
<input type="radio" name="foo" value="0" />
<input name="bar" value="xxx" />
<select name="this">
<option value="hi" selected="selected">Hi</option>
<option value="ho">Ho</option>
</form>
输出:
{
"foo": "1",
"bar": "xxx",
"this": "hi"
}
像这样的东西太简单了,因为它没有(正确地)包括文本区域,选择,单选按钮和复选框:
$("#form input").each(function () {
data[theFieldName] = theFieldValue;
});
这里是一个工作的JavaScript实现,它正确地处理复选框、单选按钮和滑块(也可能是其他输入类型,但我只测试了这些)。
function setOrPush(target, val) {
var result = val;
if (target) {
result = [target];
result.push(val);
}
return result;
}
function getFormResults(formElement) {
var formElements = formElement.elements;
var formParams = {};
var i = 0;
var elem = null;
for (i = 0; i < formElements.length; i += 1) {
elem = formElements[i];
switch (elem.type) {
case 'submit':
break;
case 'radio':
if (elem.checked) {
formParams[elem.name] = elem.value;
}
break;
case 'checkbox':
if (elem.checked) {
formParams[elem.name] = setOrPush(formParams[elem.name], elem.value);
}
break;
default:
formParams[elem.name] = setOrPush(formParams[elem.name], elem.value);
}
}
return formParams;
}
工作的例子:
function setOrPush(target, val) {
var result = val;
if (target) {
result = [target];
result.push(val);
}
return result;
}
function getFormResults(formElement) {
var formElements = formElement.elements;
var formParams = {};
var i = 0;
var elem = null;
for (i = 0; i < formElements.length; i += 1) {
elem = formElements[i];
switch (elem.type) {
case 'submit':
break;
case 'radio':
if (elem.checked) {
formParams[elem.name] = elem.value;
}
break;
case 'checkbox':
if (elem.checked) {
formParams[elem.name] = setOrPush(formParams[elem.name], elem.value);
}
break;
default:
formParams[elem.name] = setOrPush(formParams[elem.name], elem.value);
}
}
return formParams;
}
//
// Boilerplate for running the snippet/form
//
function ok() {
var params = getFormResults(document.getElementById('main_form'));
document.getElementById('results_wrapper').innerHTML = JSON.stringify(params, null, ' ');
}
(function() {
var main_form = document.getElementById('main_form');
main_form.addEventListener('submit', function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
ok();
}, false);
})();
<form id="main_form">
<div id="questions_wrapper">
<p>what is a?</p>
<div>
<input type="radio" required="" name="q_0" value="a" id="a_0">
<label for="a_0">a</label>
<input type="radio" required="" name="q_0" value="b" id="a_1">
<label for="a_1">b</label>
<input type="radio" required="" name="q_0" value="c" id="a_2">
<label for="a_2">c</label>
<input type="radio" required="" name="q_0" value="d" id="a_3">
<label for="a_3">d</label>
</div>
<div class="question range">
<label for="a_13">A?</label>
<input type="range" required="" name="q_3" id="a_13" min="0" max="10" step="1" list="q_3_dl">
<datalist id="q_3_dl">
<option value="0"></option>
<option value="1"></option>
<option value="2"></option>
<option value="3"></option>
<option value="4"></option>
<option value="5"></option>
<option value="6"></option>
<option value="7"></option>
<option value="8"></option>
<option value="9"></option>
<option value="10"></option>
</datalist>
</div>
<p>A and/or B?</p>
<div>
<input type="checkbox" name="q_4" value="A" id="a_14">
<label for="a_14">A</label>
<input type="checkbox" name="q_4" value="B" id="a_15">
<label for="a_15">B</label>
</div>
</div>
<button id="btn" type="submit">OK</button>
</form>
<div id="results_wrapper"></div>
编辑:
如果您正在寻找一个更完整的实现,那么请查看我为其制作的项目的这一部分。我最终会用我想出的完整解决方案来更新这个问题,但也许这对某人会有帮助。
这是我的香草JS版本(在Chrome上测试)
适用于:
name = "输入"
Name ="form[Name]"(创建一个对象)
Name ="checkbox[]"(创建一个数组对象)
Name ="form[checkbox][]"(创建一个数组)
Name ="form[select][Name]"(创建一个只包含所选值的对象)
/**
* Get the values from a form
* @param formId ( ID without the # )
* @returns {object}
*/
function getFormValues( formId )
{
let postData = {};
let form = document.forms[formId];
let formData = new FormData( form );
for ( const value of formData.entries() )
{
let container = postData;
let key = value[0];
let arrayKeys = key.match( /\[[\w\-]*\]/g ); // Check for any arrays
if ( arrayKeys !== null )
{
arrayKeys.unshift( key.substr( 0, key.search( /\[/ ) ) ); // prepend the first key to the list
for ( let i = 0, count = arrayKeys.length, lastRun = count - 1; i < count; i++ )
{
let _key = arrayKeys[i];
_key = _key.replace( "[", '' ).replace( "]", '' ); // Remove the brackets []
if ( _key === '' )
{
if ( ! Array.isArray( container ) )
{
container = [];
}
_key = container.length;
}
if ( ! (_key in container) ) // Create an object for the key if it doesn't exist
{
if ( i !== lastRun && arrayKeys[i + 1] === '[]' )
{
container[_key] = [];
}
else
{
container[_key] = {};
}
}
if ( i !== lastRun ) // Until we're the last item, swap container with it's child
{
container = container[_key];
}
key = _key;
}
}
container[key] = value[1]; // finally assign the value
}
return postData;
}
你们都不完全正确。你不能写:
formObj[input.name] = input.value;
因为这样,如果你有一个多选列表,它的值将被最后一个覆盖,因为它被传输为:"param1": "value1", "param1": "value2"。
所以,正确的方法是:
if (formData[input.name] === undefined) {
formData[input.name] = input.value;
}
else {
var inputFieldArray = $.merge([], $.isArray(formData[input.name]) ? formData[input.name] : [formData[input.name]]);
$.merge(inputFieldArray, [input.value]);
formData[input.name] = $.merge([], inputFieldArray);
}
使用$('form').serializeArray(),它返回一个数组:
[
{"name":"foo","value":"1"},
{"name":"bar","value":"xxx"},
{"name":"this","value":"hi"}
]
另一个选项是$('form').serialize(),它返回一个字符串:
"foo=1&bar=xxx&this=hi"
看看这个jsfiddle演示