Java 8中的DateTimeFormatter是不可变的线程安全的SimpleDateFormat的替代品。

下面是一个代码示例，它证明了类中的错误。我检查过:问题发生在使用解析时，也当你只使用格式。

下面这个例子会导致一个奇怪的错误。甚至谷歌也没有给出结果:

public class ExampleClass {

private static final Pattern dateCreateP = Pattern.compile("Дата подачи:\\s*(.+)");
private static final SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss dd.MM.yyyy");

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(100);
    while (true) {
        executor.submit(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                workConcurrently();
            }
        });
    }
}

public static void workConcurrently() {
    Matcher matcher = dateCreateP.matcher("Дата подачи: 19:30:55 03.05.2015");
    Timestamp startAdvDate = null;
    try {
        if (matcher.find()) {
            String dateCreate = matcher.group(1);
            startAdvDate = new Timestamp(sdf.parse(dateCreate).getTime());
        }
    } catch (Throwable th) {
        th.printStackTrace();
    }
    System.out.print("OK ");
}
}

结果是:

OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: ".201519E.2015192E2"
at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(FloatingDecimal.java:2043)
at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.parseDouble(FloatingDecimal.java:110)
at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Double.java:538)
at java.text.DigitList.getDouble(DigitList.java:169)
at java.text.DecimalFormat.parse(DecimalFormat.java:2056)
at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.subParse(SimpleDateFormat.java:1869)
at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.parse(SimpleDateFormat.java:1514)
at java.text.DateFormat.parse(DateFormat.java:364)
at com.nonscalper.webscraper.processor.av.ExampleClass.workConcurrently(ExampleClass.java:37)
at com.nonscalper.webscraper.processor.av.ExampleClass$1.run(ExampleClass.java:25)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Java 8中的DateTimeFormatter是不可变的线程安全的SimpleDateFormat的替代品。

下面的示例将SimpleDateFormat对象定义为静态字段。当两个或多个线程以不同的日期并发地访问“someMethod”时，它们可能会扰乱彼此的结果。

    public class SimpleDateFormatExample {
         private static final SimpleDateFormat simpleFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");

         public String someMethod(Date date) {
            return simpleFormat.format(date);
         }
    }

您可以创建如下所示的服务，并使用jmeter模拟并发用户，使用相同的SimpleDateFormat对象格式化不同的日期，结果将是混乱的。

public class FormattedTimeHandler extends AbstractHandler {

private static final String OUTPUT_TIME_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS";
private static final String INPUT_TIME_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-ddHH:mm:ss";
private static final SimpleDateFormat simpleFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(OUTPUT_TIME_FORMAT);
// apache commons lang3 FastDateFormat is threadsafe
private static final FastDateFormat fastFormat = FastDateFormat.getInstance(OUTPUT_TIME_FORMAT);

public void handle(String target, Request baseRequest, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws IOException, ServletException {

    response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
    response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);
    baseRequest.setHandled(true);

    final String inputTime = request.getParameter("time");
    Date date = LocalDateTime.parse(inputTime, DateTimeFormat.forPattern(INPUT_TIME_FORMAT)).toDate();

    final String method = request.getParameter("method");
    if ("SimpleDateFormat".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) {
        // use SimpleDateFormat as a static constant field, not thread safe
        response.getWriter().println(simpleFormat.format(date));
    } else if ("FastDateFormat".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) {
        // use apache commons lang3 FastDateFormat, thread safe
        response.getWriter().println(fastFormat.format(date));
    } else {
        // create new SimpleDateFormat instance when formatting date, thread safe
        response.getWriter().println(new SimpleDateFormat(OUTPUT_TIME_FORMAT).format(date));
    }
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    // embedded jetty configuration, running on port 8090. change it as needed.
    Server server = new Server(8090);
    server.setHandler(new FormattedTimeHandler());

    server.start();
    server.join();
}

}

代码和jmeter脚本可以在这里下载。

commons-lang的3.2版将拥有FastDateParser类，它是SimpleDateFormat的线程安全替代品。更多信息请参见LANG-909。